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Science notes unit 1
Term | Definition |
---|---|
matter | anything without volume and mass |
element | type of atom |
compounds | two or more atoms chemically combined |
energy | the ability to more or change matter |
kinetic energy | movement |
potential energy | position (potential for something to happen) |
thermal energy | heat |
chemical energy | reaction |
chemical | new substances with new chemical properties created |
physical | change in properties affecting appearance or form |
bohr model of the atom | dense nucleus of protons and neutrons, electrons orbit in distinct energy levels (shells) |
atomic # | number of protons in the nucleus determines the element |
mass number | mass of an atoms nucleus, combined number of protons and neutrons |
isotope | atoms of the same element and atomic # with different mass numbers |
isobar | different elements and atomic numbers with the same mass number |
atomic emission | the process of electrons absorbing and releasing energy in teh form of light at specific wavelengths |
ground state | default, lowest energy state of an atom electrons |
excited state | occurs when an electron gains energy and jumps up |
emission spectrum lines | excited electron returns to the ground state, releasing emitting energy as light |
electromagnetic radiation | described as a wave with a set wavelength and frequency |
photon | electromagnetic radiation described as a particle with a set energy |
wavelength | distance from peak to peak |
frequency | amount of peaks that pass per second |
speed | distance traveled per second |
valence electrons | the number of electrons in the highest energy level are the outermost electrons of an atom |
core electrons | all other electrons |
noble gas configuration | a method of shortening electron configuration by starting from after the most recent noble gas instead of beginning at 1s |
isoelectronic | two atoms are isoelectronic to each other when they have the same electron configuration |