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Chemistry 2
Second Vocab List
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Electromagnetic Radiation | A type of energy that travels through space at a constant speed 3.0 x 10^8 m/s (186, 000 miles/s) and exhibits both wavelike and particle like behavior. Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation. |
Light | A form of electromagnetic radiation. |
Electromagnetic Spectrum | A spectrum that includes all wave-lengths of electromagnetic radiation. |
Energy | The capacity to do work. |
Visible Light | The fraction of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye, bounded by wavelengths of 400nm (violet) and 780 nm (red). |
Wavelength | The distance between adjacent wave crests in a wave. |
Frequency | The number of wave cycles or crests that pass through a stationary point in one second. |
Quantum | The precise amount of energy possessed by a photon; the difference in energy between two atomic orbitals. |
Photon | A particle of light or a packet of light energy. |
Ground State | The state of an atom or molecule in which the electrons occupy the lowest possible energy orbitals available. |
Excited State | An unstable state for an atom or a molecule in which energy has been absorbed but no re emitted, raising an electron from the ground state into a higher energy orbital |
Orbital | The region around the nucleus of an atom where an electron is most likely to be found |
Electron Configuration | A representation that shows the occupation of orbitals by electrons for a particular element |
Subshell | In quantum mechanics, specifies the shape of the orbital and is represented by different letters (s,p,d,f) |
Principal Quantum Number | A number that indicates the shell that an electron occupies |
Aufbau Principle | An electron occupies the lowest energy sublevel possible |
Hund's Rule | A rule stating that when filling orbitals of equal energy, electrons will occupy empty orbitals singly before pairing with other electrons |
Pauli Exclusion Principle | A principle stating that no more than 2 electrons can occupy an orbital and that the electrons must have opposite spins. |