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Atoms

QuestionAnswer
What particles are made out of quarks? Protons and neutrons.
Where are protons and neutrons located? Inside of the nucleus.
Where are electrons located? Outside of the nucleus.
What is the number on top of the atomic symbol called? It is called the atomic number.
How do you figure out the number of neutrons? Mass - atomic #.
How do you figure out the number of protons and electrons? By the atomic number.
How can you calculate the mass number of an atom? You add atomic number and neutrons.
What is the atomic mass? The average number of protons and neutrons for all natural isotopes for an element.
What is the mass number? The sum of a neutrons and protons in an element.
Democritus. Came up with the idea of the atom.
John Dalton. Discovered atoms.
J.J. Thomson. Discovered electrons.
Ernest Rutherford. Discovered nucleus.
Niels Bohr. Discovered energy levels.
Erwin Schrodinger. Discovered electron clouds.
Bohr Model. A model with all of the electrons in an element on energy levels.
Dot Structure. A model showing only the valence electrons.
What are two ways you could tell how many valence electrons an atom has? By the Bohr model and the Periodic Table groups.
Are protons part of mass? Yes.
Are neutrons part of mass? Yes.
Are electrons part of mass? No.
What would happen to an element if you changed its protons? There would be a new element.
What would happen to an element if you changed its electrons? It would create an ion. The mass would not change and the identity would be the same.
What would happen to an element if you changed its neutrons? It would create a different isotope of the element.
What kind of charge does a proton have? A positive charge.
What kind of charge does a neutron have? No charge.
What kind of charge does an electron have? A negative charge.
When was the first version of the periodic table created? 1869.
Who created the periodic table? Dmitri Mendeleev.
Vertical columns on the period tables are called... Groups.
How many groups are there? 18.
What information can you get about an atom by knowing what group it is in? The valence electrons.
Alkali metals (Group 1). Most reactive, softest, good conductors and lowest density.
Alkaline earth metals (Group 2). Similar to alkali metals.
Transition metals (Group 3-12). Less reactive, shiny, good conductors and higher density.
Halogens (Group 17). Highly reactive, nonmetals, often have distinct color, usually form salt.
Noble Gases (Groups 18). Non-reactive, nonmetals, colorless, odorless gases at room temperature.
Elements were arranged according to their... Properties.
The characteristics of metals are... Shiny, soft, conductors, malleable, ductile, react with acid.
The characteristics of nonmetals are... Dull, brittle, bad conductors, don't react with acid.
The characteristics of a metalloid are... A mix of both metals and nonmetals.
Horizontal rows on the periodic tables are called... Periods.
How many periods are there? 7.
What information can you get about an atom by knowing what period it is in? The number of energy levels and the relative atomic mass.
Created by: kaylinn_
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