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Unit 5
Balancing chemical equations
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Oxidation number | The number of electrons that must be added to or removed from an atom in a combined state to convert the atom into the element form. |
Oxidation-Reduction reactions | Any chemical change in which one species is oxidized (loses electrons) and another species is reduced (gained electron) also called redox reaction. |
Reactants | A substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction. |
Products | A substance that forms in a chemical reaction. |
Coefficients | A small whole number that appears as a factor in front of a formula in a chemical equation. |
law of Conservation of Mass | The law that states that mass can not be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical or physical changes. |
Combustion reaction | The oxidation reaction of an element or compound, in which energy as heat is released. |
Decomposition reaction | A reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simple substances. |
Synthesis reaction | A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound. |
Single displacement reaction | A reaction in which one element or a radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound. |
Double displacement reaction | A reaction in which the ions of two compounds exchange places in a aqueous solution to form two new compounds. |
Monoatomic ions | An ion formed from a single atom. |
Nomenclature | A naming system |
Oxyanions | A polyatomic ion that contains oxygen. |
Formula mass | The sum of the average atomic masses of all atoms represented in the formula of any molecule, formula unit or ion. |
Chemical equation | A representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and the products. |
Word equation | An equation in which the reactant and the product in a chemical reaction are presented by words. |
Formula equation | A representation of the reactants and the products of a chemical reaction by their symbols or formulas. |
Reversible reaction | A chemical reaction in which the products re-form the original reactants. |