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CHEM 9/30/22
ATOM, NUCLEUS, PEOPLE, ECT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how do you find the # of protons? | atomic number |
| how do you find the # of neutrons? | the mass number minus the number of protons |
| how do you find the # of electrons? | equal to number of protons unless there is an ion subscript (+1,-1...) |
| 59 2+ Ni where is the number of protons? 28 | bottom left corner |
| 59 2+ Ni where is the number of neutrons? 28 | the mass number minus the proton number |
| 59 2+ Ni where is the number of electrons, is it more or less? 28 | protons minus the number on the top right corner |
| how do you know if it is an anion? | there will be a minus before the ion number because it has more electrons than protons |
| how do you know if it is an cation? | there will be a plus before the ion number because there are less electrons than protons |
| write the symbol for ion with 23 protons, 51 mass, and 23 electrons (V) | 51 V 23 |
| where is the mass number found? (periodic table) | under the symbol name |
| where is the atomic number found? (periodic table) | top right corner |
| what is the formula for average atomic mass? | (% abundance1* mass1)+ (%abundance2 * mass2)... |
| what is weighted average? | average atomic mass of a specific element, calculation that takes into account the varying degrees of importance of the numbers in a data set. |
| WHAT DO YOU DO FOR ALGEBRAIC QUESTIONS? | x+y=1, set first subject to the number times x (ex. 4x), set second subject to number two times y (ex. 6y), set the added values equal to the mass number found on the periodic table for the symbol. (4x+6y=number on table) then solve as a system. ( %) |
| Democritus | atom is the smallest form of matter and is indestructable, solid, uniform, and incomprehensible, made name "atom" |
| Aristotle | did not believe in the atom, he wasbelieved more because he had more influence. |
| Daltons atomic theory part one (1803) | All elements are composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms. |
| Daltons atomic theory part two (1803) | Atoms of the same element are identical. They have the same size, mass, and chemical properties. |
| Daltons atomic theory part three (1803) | The atoms of any one element are different from those of any other element. |
| Daltons atomic theory part four (1803) | Chemical Reactions only involve the rearrangement of atoms. They are not created nor destroyed in any reaction |
| which part(s) of daltons theory is wrong? | part two is mostly wrong except for chemical properties because the protons are the same |
| Law of multiple proportions (DALTON) | toms of different elements can physically mix together or can chemically combine with one another in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds |
| Law of Definite Proportions (DALTON) | in a single chemical compound the ratio of it's component elements is a fixed whole number ratio. The ratio of mass between elements in a single compound is also constant. |
| Thompson (1897) | Discovered the electron |
| Cathode ray tube experiment (THOMPSON) | Like charges repel, electrons produced from the cathode deflected away from negative plate, electrons had negative charge |
| plum pudding model (THOMPSON) | Didn’t know the existence of the nucleus, Described the structure of the atom as a ball of positive charge embedded with negatively charged electrons |
| James Chadwick (1932) | he proved the existence of neutrons |
| Millikan (1909) | Discovered the quantity of charge carried by an electron, Calculated mass of electron (oil drop expeiment) |
| Rutherford (1911) | proved the existence of a positively charged nucleus in an atom |
| Gold foil experiment (RUTHERFORD) | Most of the positively charged particles passed through the metal but some deflected back |
| Bohr (1913) | Electrons within a certain path have fixed energy- energy level not equally spaced, Electrons couldn’t exist between orbits only within them |
| quantum mechanical model (SCHRODNIGER)(1926) | Instead of orbits, Electrons are in regions of probability of where to find them. called ORBITALS and don’t involved electrons on a fixed path (scattered in this region) |
Created by:
shreyaadl
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