Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
3 Tissues
Connective, Muscle, and Nerve slide notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Connective tissues | cells rarely touch due to extracellular matrix, consistency varies, does not occur on free surface, good nerve & blood supply except cartilage & tendons |
| Matrix of connective tissues | fibers and ground substances secreted by cells |
| blast type cells | retain ability to divide and produce matrix(fibroblast, chondroblast, osteoblasts) |
| cyte type cells | mature cells that can't divide or produce matrix(chondrocytes and osteocytes) |
| macrophages | develop from monocytes-engulf bacteria and debris by phagocytosis |
| plasma cells | develop B lymphocytes-produce antibodies that fight against foreign substances |
| mast cells | produce histamine that dilate small BV |
| Adipocytes | fat cells-store fat |
| ground substances | hyaluronic acids is thick, viscous, and slippery, condroitin sulfate is jelly like substance providing support, adhesion proteins(fibronectin) binds collagen fibers to ground substance |
| ground substance function | support the cells and fibers, helps determine the consistency of matrix(fluid, gel, solid) |
| Collagen | 25% of protein in body, tough, resistant to pull, still pliable, formed from protein collagen |
| Elastin | in lungs, blood vessels, ear cartilage, smaller diameter fibers formed from protein elastin surrounded by glycoprotein(fibrillin), can stretch up to 150% of relaxed length and return to original shape |
| Reticular | spleen and lymph nodes, thin branched fibers that form framework of organs, formed from protein collagen |
| Mesenchyme | Embryonic CT, irregularly shaped cells, in semifluid ground substance with reticular fibers, give rise to other types of CT |
| Mucous CT | Embryonic CT, star shaped cells in jelly like ground substance, found only in umbililcal |
| Loose CT | loosely woven fibers throughout tissues, areolar CT, adipose tissue, and reticular tissue |
| Areolar Connective Tissue | all types of fibers present, gelatinous ground substance, cell types=fibroblast, plasma cells, macrophages, mast cells, a few white blood cells |
| Adipose tissue | peripheral nuclei, deeper layer of skin, organ padding, yellow marrow, brown fat found in infants has more blood vessels and mitochondria and responsible for heat generation |
| Reticular Connective Tissue | network of fibers and cells that produce framework of organ |
| function of adipose tissue | reduce heat loss, store energy, protect |
| function of reticular connective tissue | hold organs together-liver, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow |
| Dense Connective Tissue | more fibers present and few cells, types: dense regular connective tissue, dense irregular connective tissue, elastic connective tissue |
| Dense regular connective tissue(white fibrous connective tissue) | collagen fibers in parallel bundles with fibroblast between the bundles, white, tough, and pliable when unstained(forms tendons) |
| Dense irregular connective tissue | collagen fibers are irregular arranges, tissue can resist tension from any direction-very tough, in white of eyeball and dermis of skin |
| elastic connective tissue | branching elastic fibers and fibroblast, can stretch and still return to original shape, found in lung tissue, vocal cords, ligament between vertebrae |
| Cartilage | network of fibers in rubbery ground substance, resilient and can endure more stress than loose of dense ct, types: hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage |
| Hyaline Cartilage | bluish-shiny white rubbery substance, chondrocytes sit in spaces called lacunae, no blood vessels or nerves so repair is very slow, reduces friction at joints as articular cartilage |
| Fibrocartilage | many more collagen fibers which causes rigidity and stiffness, strongest type of cartilage(intervertebral discs) |
| Elastic Cartilage | Elastic fibers help maintain shape after deformations, in ear, nose, and vocal cartilage |
| Interstitial growth | chondrocytes divide and form new matrix. occurs in childhood and adolescence |
| Appositional growth | chondroblasts secrete matrix onto surface, produces increase in width |
| function of bone(osseous) tissue | protects, provides for movement, stores miners, site of blood cell formation |
| spongy bone | sponge like with spaces and trabeculae(struts of bone surrounded by red bone marrow) |
| compact bone | osteon-lamellae(rings) of mineralized matrix, osteocytes in spaces(lacunae) in between lamellae, canaliculi(tiny canals) connect cell to cell |
| Blood | CT with liquid matrix(plasma), cell types-red blood cells(erythrocytes), white blood cells(leukocytes), and cell fragments(platelets |
| function of blood | provide clotting, immune functions, carry O2 and CO2 |
| Lymph | Interstitial fluid being transported in lymphatic vessels, contains less protein than plasma |
| lymph function | move cells and substances(lipids) from one part of the body to another |
| membranes | epithelial layer sitting on a thin layer of CT(lamina propria), types-mucous, serous, synovial, cutaneous(skin) membranes |
| mucous membrane | lines body cavity that opens to outside(mouth, vagina, anus), epithelial cells form barrier to microbes, tight junctions between cells, mucous secrete from underlying glands |
| serous membrane | simple squamous cells overlying loose CT layer, cells secrete slippery fluid, lines body cavity that doesn't open to outside (pleura, peritoneum, pericardium) |
| synovial membrane | line joint cavities of all freely movable joints, no epithelial cells-just special cells that secrete slippery fluid |
| cutaneous membrane | skin |
| muscle | cells that shorten, provide us with motion, posture and heat types-skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
| skeletal muscle | cells are long cylinders with many peripheral nuclei, visible light and dark banding(striations), voluntary or conscious control |
| cardiac muscle | cells are branched cylinders with one central nuclei, involuntary and striated, attached to and communicate with each other by intercalated discs and desmosomes |
| smooth muscle | spindle shaped cells with one central nuclei, walls of blood vessels, GI tract, bladder), involuntary and nonstriated |
| Nerve Tissue | cell types- nerve cells and neuroglial(supporting) cells, nucleus and long cell processes conduct nerve signals-dendrite sends signal towards cell body, axon send signal away from cell body |
| Fibrosis | replacement with stromal connect tissue cells(scar formation) |
| Regeneration | replacement with original cell types(parenchymal cells), liver and endothelium- cells divide, bone marrow, epithelium of gut, and skin-stem cells divide, muscle and nervous tissue-cells can't divide or be replaced |
| conditions affecting tissue repair | nutrition(adequate protein, vitamin C), proper blood circulation(deliver O2&nutrients/remove fluid&bac), aging(collagen fibers change, cell division&protein synthesis slowed) |
Created by:
lizU
Popular Histology sets