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Unit 3: Bonding
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Electron configuration | The arrangement of electrons in an atom |
Covalent bond | A bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
Ionic bond | A force that attracts electrons from one atom to another; which transforms a neutral atom into a ion |
Ion | An atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge |
Lewis dot structure (electron dot-notation) | An electron configuration notation in which only the valence electrons of an atom of a particular element are shown, indicated by dots placed around the element's symbol |
Octet rule | An atom will be most stable when surrounded by 8 electrons in the valence shell (outer most energy level) |
Metallic bond | A bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them |
Conductivity | Material that is able to conduct electricity |
Polar | Describes a molecule in which the positive and negative charges are separated |
Nonpolar | Electrons are equally attracted to both bonded atoms |
Bent | A kind of molecular geometry in which the central atom has two lone pairs of electrons and is associated with two bond pairs |
Tetrahedral | One atom in center and four atoms at the corners of a tetrahedron |
Trigonal planar | One atom at the center and three atoms at the corners of an equilateral triangle |
Linear | A molecule or polymer with a single backbone; each monomer molecule is bonded to at most two other monomer molecules |
Valence electrons | An electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom and that determines the atom's chemical properties |
Formula unit | The simplest collection of atoms from which an ionic compound's formula can be written |
Polyatomic ion | An ion made of two or more atoms |
VSEPR theory | A theory that predicts some molecular shapes based on the idea that pairs of valence electrons surrounding an atom repel each other |