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CHEM Holt 1
Matter and Change
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Chemistry | The study of composition, structure, and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes associated. |
Chemical | Any substance with a definite composition |
Volume | The amount of space a substance takes up. |
Mass | The amount of matter in an object |
Matter | Anything that has both volume and mass |
Atom | The smallest unit of an element that retains the characteristics of that element. |
Element | A pure substance made of one type of atom. |
Compound | A substance that can be broken down into simpler substances by a chemical change. The atoms of two or more elements combined together in a chemical bond. |
Extensive Properties | Properties that depend on the amount of matter you have. |
Intensive Properties | Properties that are independent of the amount of matter you have. |
Physical Property | Any characteristic that can be observed without changing the identity or nature of the substance studied. |
Physical Change | A change in a substance that does not involve a change in identity or nature |
Chemical Property | Any physical characteristic of matter that requires a chemical change in order to detect/observe. |
Chemical Change | The ability to undergo changes that transform a substance into a new substance. Chemical properties generally cannot be seen until they happen. |
Mixture | A blend of two or more kinds of matter, each with its own identity and properties, not held together through chemical bonds. |
* Homogeneous | Having a uniform composition. Particles cannot be separated out by so-called “ordinary” means. |
* Heterogeneous | Not uniform throughout |
Pure Substance | Has fixed composition throughout. Every sample taken will retain the same physical and chemical properties and composition. |
Compound | The atoms of two or more elements combined together in a chemical bond. |
Groups (Families) | Vertical columns of elements on the periodic table. |
Periods | Horizontal rows of elements on the periodic table. |