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atomic theory
notes on the models and more
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the name of John Dalton's model? | Billiard Ball |
| What were John Dalton's contributions? | He was the first to say matter is made up of atoms and that atoms combine chemically in simple whole-number ratios |
| What problems existed in John Dalton's model? | The model stated that an atom was a hard, indivisible sphere when it can be sub-divided. Atoms of the same element are not identical as isotopes exist. |
| What is the name of JJ Thomson's model? | Plum Pudding |
| What were JJ Thomson's contributions? | He discovered that stoms have negative charged particles called electrons. |
| How did JJ Thomson discover electrons? | He performed a cathode ray experiment in which he noticed the rays were bending away from something in the tube, which indicated the presence of a negative charge or electrons. |
| What are cathode rays? | Cathode rays are negatively charged particles. |
| What problems existed in JJ Thomson's model? | Thomson believed the positive charge was uniform throughout an atom, but it is actually dense and centered. He also didn't know the electrons' location. |
| What lables would you put on JJ Thomson's model? | positive goo and electrons |
| What is the name of Ernest Rutherford's model? | Nuclear Model |
| What labels would you put on Ernest Rutherford's model? | positive charged nucleus and electron |
| What were Ernest Rutherford's contributions? | He concluded from his experiments that atoms are mostly empty space with a dense, positive nucleus. |
| What was Ernest Rutherford's experiment? | He shot gold foil with alpha particles and noticed that most went through the foil. Only some were deflected indicating that the positive charge could not be evenly distributed. |
| What problems existed in Ernest Rutherford's model? | The electron location was still ill-defined. |
| What is the name of Neil Bohr's model? | The Planetary or Electron Shell Model |
| What labels would you put on Neil Bohr's models? | The planetary model would have "electrons in a fixed orbit" and "nucleus." The electron shell model would have "different energy levels," "electrons in orbit," and "nucleus with protons and neutrons." |
| What were Neil Bohr's contributions? | He discovered that electrons occupy discrete energy levels. |
| What problems existed in Neil Bohr's model? | He thought that electrons were in fixed orbits like planets, but they are not. |
| What is the name of Heisenburg's model? | The Quantum Mechanical, Modern, or Electron Cloud Model. |
| What labels would you put on Heisenburg's model? | The electron cloud model would have "electron cloud" and "nucleus." The quantum mechanical model would have "orbitals," "different energy levels," and "nucleus" |
| What were Heisenburg's contributions? | He provided the uncertainty principle and said that electrons are located in regions of probability called orbitals. |
| What is the uncertainty principle? | We cannot the speed and position of electrons at the same time. |
Created by:
shreyr
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