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Matter and Energy

TermDefinition
physical property The properties of matter that we observe with our senses. Divided into 2 categories known as extensive properties and intensive properties.
extrinsic properties Depend on the amount of matter present; mass, volume, and energy are some of the properties.
intrinsic properties Does not depend on the amount of matter present; color, melting point, boiling point, hardness, electrical conductivity, and density are some of the properties.
compressible When pressure is applied it can be pressed.
phase barriers The point at which matter changes phase.
condensation point The temperature at which a gas becomes a liquid; boiling point and condensing point are at the same temperature for a given substance.
freezing point The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid or freezes.
melting point The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid or melts.
boiling point The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas.
sublimation The evaporation of a substance directly from a solid to a gas without melting (or going through the liquid phase).
deposition The condensation of a substance directly from a vapor to a solid, without going through the liquid phase.
density The mass per unit volume of a substance (kg/m³), (g/cm³), or how tightly packed something is.
polarity How the charge is distributed in a bond.
volatile compound Compounds that have a high vapor pressure, low water solubility, and they tend to vaporize.
volume The amount of space an object takes up.
pressure The amount of force applied on a given surface area.
directly proportional When 1 quantity increases or decreases, so does the related quantity.
inversely proportional As one quantity increases, the other decreases.
internal energy The energy in a system arising from the relative positions and interactions of its parts.
exothermic reaction Releases thermal energy, and these processes are often spontaneous.
endothermic reaction Absorbs thermal energy, and it causes the surrounding area to cool.
activation energy Minimum quantity of energy which the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction.
catalyst Increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.
Created by: shealyn
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