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Unit 1 Chapter 2

Geography - Its Nature and Perspectives

TermDefinition
Cartography The art and science of mapmaking
Choropleth Map Uses various colors, shades of one color, or patterns to show the location and distribution of spatial data
Cartogram The sizes of countries are shown according to some specific statistic
Cartographic Scale Refers to the way the map communicates the ratio of its size to the size of what it represents
Conic Projection Lines of longitutde converge and lines of latitude are curved. Size and shape are both close to reality
Distortion A misrepresentation in either size, shape, or distance
Dot Distribution Maps Used to show the specific location and distribution of something across the territory of the map
Formal (Uniform) Region United by one or more traits, such as physical, cultural, or economic
Functional (Nodal) Region United and organized around a focal point and are defined by an activity that occurs across the region
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Computer system that can store, analyze, and display information from multiple digital maps or geospatial data sets
Global Positioning System (GPS) Uses the locations of multiple satelites to determine and record a receiver's exact location
Graduated Symbol Maps Uses symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of something
Isoline Maps Uses lines that connect points of equal value to depict variations in the data across space
Locator Maps Show illustrations used in books and advertisements to show specific locations mentioned in the text
Map Projection The process of showing a curved surface on a flat surface
Map Scale The relationship between a distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the Earth
Mental Map Maps that people create in their minds based on their own experience and knowledge
Mercator Projection Directions are shown accurately with lines of latitude and longitude shown at right angles. However, land masses near the poles appear large
Pattern General Arrangements of things being studied
Peters Projection The sizes of land masses are accurate, but shapes are inaccurate, especially near the poles.
Physical Maps Shows and labels natural features, such as mountains, rivers, and deserts
Plat Maps Shows and labels property lines and details of land ownership
Political Maps Shows and labels human-created boundaries and designations, such as countries, states, cities, and capitals
Processes The repeated sequences of events that create patterns
Reference Maps They are designed for people to refer to for general information about places
Region A space that is divided into a smaller areal unit
Regionalization The process geographers use to divide and categorize space into smaller areal units
Remote Sensing Use of cameras or other sensors mounted on aircraft or satelites to collect digital images of the Earths surface
Road Maps Shows and labels highways, streets, and alleys
Robinson Projection No major distorations and the oval shape appears like a globe, but the area, shape, size, and direction are all distorted
Scale The ratio between the size of things in the real world and the size of those same things on the map
Scale of Analysis Used by geographers to analyze relationships among and between places to reveal important spatial patterns
Scale of Data Used by geographers to analyze relationships in data
Spatial Scale The exent of an area at which a phenomenon or a process occurs
Thematic Map Shows spatial aspects of information or of a phenomenon.
Topographic Map Shows points of equal elecation that are connected on the map, showing contours that depict surface features.
Vernacular (Perceptual) Region Defined by the informal sense of place that people ascribe to them
Created by: simpsonjo
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