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1-Dimensional Motion
Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Speed | how fast an object is moving |
Velocity | an object's speed and the direction it is moving |
Direction | can be positive (forward or right) or negative (backward or left) |
Acceleration | change in magnitude, or the direction, of an object's velocity (speeding up or slowing down) |
Magnitude | amount (number) |
Distance | total change in an object's position |
Position | exact place where something is located |
Displacement | an object's distance from its origin and its direction (a.k.a. position) |
Origin | an object's starting point |
Average Velocity | how fast, and in what direction, an object is moving over a period of time |
Instantaneous Velocity | how fast and in what direction an object is moving at a specific moment in time |
Slope | how steep a line is on a graph (rise over run) |
One-Dimensional Motion | objects only moving either vertically (up/down) or horizontally (left/right), a.k.a. linear motion |
Model | representation of something too difficult or impossible to display directly (ex: graph) |
Frame of Reference | assigns times at positions for an object with respect to a coordinate system |
Units | international system (SI) for measurement of a number (ex: seconds) |
Symbol | representation of a measurement (variable) often used in equations |
Interval | set period of time |
Position-Time Graph | relationship between an object's position and time (slope represents velocity), a.k.a. a d-t or x-t graph |
Velocity-Time Graph | relationship between an object's velocity & time (slope represents acceleration) |
Constant Motion | an object either staying at rest or maintaining the same speed/velocity |
Motion-Dot Diagram | trail of dots representing an object's motion as it changes its position over time (a.k.a. a motion map, ticker-tape, or strobe diagram) |
Speeding Up | when the velocity of an object and its acceleration are pointed in the same direction |
Slowing Down | when the velocity of an object and its acceleration are pointed in opposite directions |
Kinematics | subject concerning the properties of an object's motion |