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Neuro & Psych 5
Neurological & Psychiatric Disease 5
Generic Name | Brand Name | Pharmacologic Category | Common Indications | Key Side Effects/Other Notes | US Boxed Warning | US Boxed Warning Cont. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
buspirone (PO) | Buspar | Antianxiety agent | Anxiety | Key Side EffectsL dizziness, drowsiness, nausea | ||
alprazolam (PO) | Xanax | Benzodiazepine | Anxiety | Key Side Effects: daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal | US Boxed Warning: risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions | |
clonazepam (PO) | Klonopin | Benzodiazepine | Anxiety, seizure disorders | Key Side Effects: daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal | US Boxed Warning: risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions | |
diazepam (PO, IV) | Valium | Benzodiazepine | Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal | Key Side Effects: daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal | US Boxed Warning: risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions | |
lorazepam (PO, IV) | Ativan | Benzodiazepine | Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal | Key Side Effects: daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal Other Notes (IV only): parenteral formulation contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity if used ≥ 48 hours | US Boxed Warning: risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions | |
midazolam (IV, IM) | Versed | Benzodiazepine | Anesthesia, sedation | Key Side Effects: daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal | US Boxed Warning: risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions | |
temazepam (PO) | Restoril | Benzodiazepine | Anxiety, insomnia | Key Side Effects: daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal | US Boxed Warning: risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions | |
eszopiclone (PO) | Lunesta | Hypnotic | Insomnia | Key Side Effects: decreased ability to function the next morning, somnolence, headache, dizziness, xerostomia, dysgeusia | US Boxed Warning: serious injuries, including death, have occurred because of complex sleep behaviors (i.e., sleepwalking, sleep driving, and engaging in other activities while not fully awake); | US Boxed Warning Cont.: ...... contraindicated in patients with history of complex sleep behaviors |
zolpidem (PO) | PO: Ambien, Ambien CR SL: Intermezzo | Hypnotic | Insomnia | Key Side Effects: decreased ability to function the next morning, somnolence, headache, dizziness, xerostomia, anterograde amnesia | US Boxed Warning: serious injuries, including death, have occurred because of complex sleep behaviors (i.e., sleepwalking, sleep driving, and engaging in other activities while not fully awake); | US Boxed Warning Cont.: ...... contraindicated in patients with history of complex sleep behaviors |
propofol (IV) | Diprivan | Sedative, anticonvulsant | Sedation for mechanical ventilation, procedural anesthesia, status epilepticus | Key Side Effects: hypotension, hypertriglyceridemia, propofol- related infusion syndrome (rare) | ||
dexmedetomidine (IV) | Precedex | Alpha2 agonist, sedative | Sedation for mechanical ventilation or procedures | Key Side EffectsL bradycardia, hypotension |