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Exam 4 A&P
Movement-Origin-Insertion of Skeletal Muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Origin of the Sternocleidomastoid | Sternal Head: Top of manubrium Clavicular Head: Medial 1/3 of the clavicle |
| Action of the Sternocleidomastoid | Unilaterally: Lateral flex (head and neck same side) and rotation (head and neck opposite Side) Bilaterally: Flex (neck) Assisted elevation (rib cage inhalation) Main action: Flex neck or inhale deeply |
| Insertion of the Sternocleidomastoid | Mastoid process of temporal bone and the lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput |
| Origin of the Anterior Scalene | Transverse process of third through sixth cervical vertebrae (Anterior Tubercles) |
| Action of the Anterior Scalene | Unilaterally: Ribs fixed- Lateral flex (head and neck same side)and rotation (head and neck opposite Side) Bilaterally: Elevation (ribs during inhalation and Flex (head and neck) Main Action: inhale into your upper chest and flex your neck |
| Insertion of the Anterior Scalene | Frist rib |
| Action of the Middle Scalene | Unilaterally: Ribs fixed- Lateral flex (head and neck same side)and rotation (head and neck opposite Side) Bilaterally: Elevation (ribs during inhalation) Main Action: inhale into your upper chest and flex your neck |
| Origin of the Middle Scalene | Transverse processes of the second through seventh cervical vertebrae (posterior tubercles) |
| Origin of the Posterior Scalene | Transverse processes of sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae (Posterior Tubercles) |
| Insertion of the Middle Scalene | First rib |
| Insertion of the Posterior Scalene | Second rib |
| Action of the Posterior Scalene | Unilaterally: Ribs fixed- Lateral flex (head and neck same side)and rotation (head and neck opposite Side) Bilaterally: Elevation (ribs during inhalation) Main Action: inhale into your upper chest and Laterally flex your neck |
| Action of Masseter | Elevate Mandible (Temporomandibular Joint); May assist to protract the mandible "Clench your Jaw" |
| Origin of Masseter | Zygomatic arch |
| Insertion of Masseter | Angle and ramus of mandible |
| Origin of Temporalis | Temporal fossa and fascia |
| Insertion of Temporalis | Coronoid process and anterior edge of ramus of mandible |
| Action of Temporalis | Elevate and Retract Mandible (Temporomandibular Joint) "Clench your Jaw" |
| Origin of Geniohyoid | Underside of mandible |
| Insertion of Geniohyoid | Hyoid Bone |
| Action of Geniohyoid | Elevate: hyoid and tongue Depression: Mandible (Temporomandibular Joint) "Depress your jaw" or "Swallow" |
| Origin of Mylohyoid | Underside of mandible |
| Insertion of Mylohyoid | Hyoid Bone |
| Action of Mylohyoid | Elevate: hyoid and tongue Depression: Mandible (Temporomandibular Joint) "Depress your jaw" or "Swallow" |
| Origin of Stylohyoid | Styloid Process |
| Insertion of Styloid | Hyoid Bone |
| Action of Stylohyoid | Elevate: hyoid and tongue Depression: Mandible (Temporomandibular Joint) "Depress your jaw" or "Swallow" |
| Origin of Digastric | Mastoid Process (deep to sternocleidomastoid and splenius capitis) |
| Insertion of Digastric | Inferior border of the mandible |
| Action of Digastric | With hyoid bone fixed, depress the mandible (Temporomandibular Joint) With mandible fixed, elevate the hyoid bonne Retract the mandible (Temporomandibular Joint) "Depress your jaw" or "Swallow" |
| Origin of the Sternohyoid | Top of Mandible |
| Insertion of the Sternohyoid | Hyoid Bone |
| Action of the Sternohyoid | Depress the hyoid bone and Thyroid Cartilage Resisted depression of jaw |
| Origin of the SternoThyroid | Top of Mandible |
| Insertion of the Sternothyroid | Thyroid Cartilage |
| Action of Sternothyroid | Depress the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage Resisted depression of jaw |
| Origin of the Thyrohyoid | Thyroid Cartilage |
| Insertion of Thyrohyoid | Hyoid Bone |
| Action of Thyrohyoid | Depress of hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage Resisted depression of jaw |
| Origin of Omohyoid | Superior border of the scapula |
| Insertion of the Omohyoid | Hyoid Bone |
| Action of the Omohyoid | Depress of hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage Resisted depression of jaw |
| Origin of the Platysma | Fascia covering superior part of the pectoralis major |
| Insertion of the Platysma | Base of mandible, skin lower part of face |
| Action of the Platysma | Assist to depress the mandible (Temporomandibular Joint) Tighten the fascia of the neck Draw down corner of the mouth "look like a lizard" |
| Origin of Occipitofrontalis | Both: galea aponeurotica |
| Insertion of Occipitofrontalis | Frontalis: Skin superior to eyebrows Occipitalis: Superior nuchal line of the occiput "Raise your eyebrows" |
| Action of Occipitofrontalis | Frontalis: Raise eyebrows and wrinkle forehead Occipitalis: Anchor and retract the galea posteriorly |
| Origin of Medial Pterygoid | Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone and tuberosity of maxilla |
| Insertion of Medial Pterygoid | Medial surface of ramus of the mandible |
| Action of Medial Pteryoid | Unilaterally: Laterally deviate the mandible to the opposite side Bilaterally: Elevate and Protract the mandible |
| Origin of Lateral Pterygoid | Superior Head: Infratemporal Surface and crest of greater wing of sphenoid bone Inferior Head: Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone |
| Insertion of Lateral Pterygoid | Articular disc and capsule of temporomandibular joint. neck of mandible |
| Action of Lateral Pterygoid | Unilaterally: Laterally deviate the mandible to the opposite side Bilaterally: Protract the mandible |
| Origin of longus Capitis | Transverse process of C3 through C6 |
| Insertion of longus Capitis | Inferior surface of Occiput |
| Action of longus Capitis | Unilaterally: Lateral Flex and Rotate the head and neck to same side Bilaterally: Flex the head and neck |
| Origin of longus Colli | Bodies of C5 through T3, Transverse process of C3 through C5 |
| Insertion of longus Colli | Tubercle on anterior arch of the altas, bodies of the axis, C3 and C4, Transverse processes of C5 and C6 |
| Action of longus Colli | Unilaterally: Lateral Flex and Rotate the head and neck to same side Bilaterally: Flex the head and neck |
| Origin of the Buccinator | Alveolar process of the maxilla (superior part), mandible (Inferior part), Pterygomandibular crest (posterior part) |
| Action of Buccinator | Presses cheeks against lips; whistle, blowing. also mastication (chewing) |
| Insertion of Buccinator | Orbicularis oris |
| Origin of Depressor Anguli Oris | Mental Tubercle and Oblique line of the mandile |
| Action of Depressor Anguli Oris | Depress angle of mouth; signal sadness (inverted clown smile) |
| Insertion of the Depressor Anguli Oris | Modiolus |
| Origin of the Depressor Labil Inferioris | Oblique line of mandible |
| Insertion of the Depressor Labil Inferioris | Skin and submucosa of lower lip |
| Action of the Depressor Labil Inferioris | Depress corner of mouth while protruding and drawling lower lip laterally |
| Origin of Levator Anguli Oris | Canine fossa of maxilla (between corner of mouth & Center of eye) |
| Insertion of Levator Anguli Oris | Modiolus |
| Action of Levator Anguli Oris | Elevates angle of mouth (Ambiguous expression; ticked off) |
| Origin of the Levator Labii Superioris | Zygomatic process of maxilla, maxillary process of zygomatici bone |
| Insertion of the Levator Labii Superioris | Blends with muscle of upper lip |
| Action of the Levator Labii Superioris | Elevates upper lip, exposes maxillary teeth |
| Origin of Mentalis | Incisive fossa of mandible |
| Insertion of Mentalis | Skin of chin (Mentolabial suicus) |
| Action of Mentalis | Elevates, everts and protrudes lower lip, wrinkles skin of chin |
| Origin of Orbicularis Oris | Medial aspect of maxilla and mandible, perioral skin and muscles, modiolus |
| Insertion of Orbicularis Oris | Skin and mucous membrane of lips |
| Action of Orbicularis Oris | Closes mouth, compresses and protrudes lips |
| Origin of Platysma | Skin/Fascia of infra-and supraclavicular regions |
| Insertion of Platysma | Lower border of mandible, skin of buccal/cheek region, lower lip, modiolus, orbicularis oris muscle |
| Action of Platysma | Depresses mandible and angle of mouth, tenses skin of lower face and anterior neck |
| Origin of Risorius | Parotid Fascia, Buccal skin, Zygomatic Bone (Variable) |
| Insertion of Risorius | Modiolus |
| Action of Risorius | extends angle of mouth laterally (insincere-looking smile) |
| Origin of Zygomaticus Major | (Posterior Part) Lateral aspect of zygomatic bone |
| Insertion of Zygomaticus Major | Modiolus, blends with muscle of upper lip |
| Action of Zygomaticus Major | Elevates and everts angle of mouth (smile) |
| Origin of Zygomaticus Minor | (Anterior Part) Lateral aspect of zygomatic bone |
| Insertion of Zygomaticus Minor | Blends with muscles of upper lip (medial to zygomaticus major muscle) |
| Action of Zygomaticus Minor | Elevates upper lip, exposes maxillary teeth (grimace; more of and understood internal expression) |
| Origin of Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi | Along side of nose (Superior to infraorbital foreman of maxilla) |
| Insertion of Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi | Skin at angle of mouth and orbicular oris |
| Action of Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi | elevates upper lip and wing of nose |
| Origin of Nasalis | (Alar part) frontal process of maxilla (Transverse Part) Maxilla |
| Insertion of Nasalis | (Alar part) Skin of ala (Transverse Part) merges with counterpart at dorsum of nose |
| Action of Nasalis | (Alar part) depresses ala laterally, dilates nostrils (Transverse Part) Wrinkles skin of dorsum of nose |
| Origin of Procerus | Nasal bone; Superior part of lateral nasal cartilage (small triangular muscle on forehead) |
| Insertion of Procerus | Skin of glabella, fibers of fontal belly of occipitofrontalis muscle |
| Action of Procerus | Depresses medial end of eyebrows, wrinkle skin of glabellae (anger or concern expression; wrinkles skin when sneezing) |
| Origin Auricularis Muscle | (Anterior, superior and posterior) above and alongside ear on three sides |
| Action of Anterior and Posterior Auricularis Muscle | Wiggling of ear |
Created by:
JML19
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