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MEDs and Class
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Block calcium entry into cells of vascular smooth muscle and myocardium. Dilate coronary arteries in both normal and ischemic myocardium and inhibit coronary artery spasm | calcium channel blockers |
| Diltiazem dil-tye-a-zem | Ca+ channel blocker. Inhibits transport of calcium into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells, inhibition of excitation-contraction; hypertension, angina pectoris, atrial flutter/ fibrillation. lowers BP |
| verapamil ver-ap-a-mil | Ca+ channel blocker Inhibits transport of calcium into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells, inhibition of excitation-contraction; hypertension, angina pectoris, atrial flutter/ fibrillation. lowers BP |
| Therapeutic class of Calcium channel blockers | Antianginals. antiarrhythmics, antihypertensives and vascular headache suppressants |
| amlodipine am-loe-di-peen | Ca+ channel blocker Inhibits transport of calcium into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells, inhibition of excitation-contraction; hypertension, angina pectoris, lowers BP |
| Beta Blockers compete for which neurotransmitter | Adrenergic , the sympathetic nervous sys. ; epinephrine and norepinephrine and block receptor site. |
| Beta 1 Adrenergic receptors are mainly located where | Mainly the Heart |
| Beta 2 Adrenergic receptors are mainly located where | Mainly the Bronchial and Vascular smooth muscle and the Uterus |
| What do Beta 1 receptors do in the heart. | Beta1-adrenergic receptor sites are located chiefly in the heart where stimulation results in increased heart rate and myocardial contractility. |
| atenolol a-ten-oh-lole | Beta 1 Blocker ; Blocks stimulation of beta1 (myocardial)-adrenergic receptors. Does not usually affect beta2; management of hypertension, angina pectoris, prevent MI |
| metoprolol me-toe-proe-lole | Beta 1 Blocker ; Blocks stimulation of beta1 (myocardial)-adrenergic receptors. Does not usually affect beta2; management of hypertension, angina pectoris, prevent MI |
| Beta Blocker that can be used with ACE inhibitor, diuretics and Digoxin | Metoprolol |
| Therapeutic Action of Beta Blockers | Decreased BP and heart rate, angina pectoris, hospitalization in patients with heart failure, Suppression of arrhythmias. |
| propranolol proe-pran-oh-lole | Management of hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, thyrotoxicosis, essential tremors, pheochromocytoma |
| Blocks stimulation of beta1 and beta2 | propranolol |
| Pharm. Class. digitalis glycosides | digoxin di-jox-in; |
| digoxin di-jox-in is used for | Antiarrhythmic, Heart failure, AFIB, and Atrial tachycardia; Increased cardiac output and slowing of the heart rate BEERS Drug. |
| timolol tim-oh-lole | Blocks stimulation of beta1 (myocardial)- and beta2 ; decrease BP, prevent MI and decrease amount of migraine HA |
| isoniazid ( INH) eye-soe-nye-a-zid | Prevention of tuberculosis in patients exposed to active disease Antituberculars; give on EMPTY stomach GIVE W/ B6 |
| Rifampin rif-am-pin | Antituberculars ; give on a EMPTY stomach, watch liver, body fluids may turn red-orange. ASA causes slow absorption |
| acyclovir ay-sye-kloe-veer | Antivirals; treatment for many Herpes and Herpes Zoster |
| valacyclovir val-ay-sye-kloe-veer | Antivirals; treatment for many Herpes and Herpes Zoster; chickenpox |
| zidovudine zye-doe-vue-dean | AntiRetrovirals ; HIV infection (in combination with other antiretrovirals) |
| ginkgo | Antiplatelet and CNS stimulant; Improvement of peripheral circulation , helps with concentration and depression |
| allopurinol al-oh-pure-i-nole | antigout agents; PO Prevention of attack of gouty arthritis and nephropathy. and secondary hyperuricemia, which may occur during treatment of tumors or leukemias. |
| colchicine kol-chi-seen | antigout agents; Prophylaxis and treatment of acute attacks of gouty arthritis |
| alendronate a-len-drone-ate | Bone Resorption Inhibitors; treatment of Osteoporosis both men and women |
| ibandronate i-ban-dro-nate | Bone Resorption Inhibitors; Treatment/prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. |
| zoledronic acid zoe-led-dron-ic | Bone Resorption Inhibitors; Treatment of osteoporosis and Hypercalcemia of malignancy |
| adalimumab a-da-li-mu-mab | Antirheumatic; treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, Psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis |
| auranofin au-rane-oh-fin | Antirheumatic; Treatment of progressive rheumatoid arthritis resistant to conventional therapy |
| baclofen bak-loe-fen | Skeletal Muscle Relaxants; Treatment of reversible spasticity due to multiple sclerosis or spinal cord lesions |
| cyclobenzaprine sye-kloe-ben-za-prean | Skeletal Muscle Relaxants; Management of acute painful musculoskeletal conditions associated with muscle spasm. |
| diazepam dye-az-e-pam | Antianxiety agent; benzodiazepine; Anxiety disorders ; Status epilepticus/uncontrolled seizures; Alcohol withdrawal |
| Lorazepam lor-az-e-pam | Antianxiety agent; benzodiazepine; Anxiety disorder.; Decreased seizures. |
| carbidopa/levodopa; kar-bi-doe-pa/lee-voe-doe-pa | AntiParkinson agent; Parkinson's disease |
| levodopa lee-voe-doe-pa | AntiParkinson agent; Intermittent treatment of "off" episodes in patients with Parkinson's disease treated with carbidopa/levodopa. |
| tamoxifen ta-mox-i-fen | AntiNeoplastic; To reduce the occurrence of contralateral breast cancer when used as adjuvant therapy for breast cancer and prevention in high risk pt. |
| disulfiram di-sul-fir-am | alcohol abuse therapy adjuncts; Management of chronic alcoholism in patients who require or desire an enforced state of sobriety |
| Naloxone nal-ox-one | opioid antagonists; Narcan, Competitively blocks the effects of opioids, including CNS and respiratory depression, without producing any agonist (opioid-like) effects. |
| amitriptyline a-mee-trip-ti-leen | Tricyclic antidepressants , used for depression and chronic pain. may cause arrhythmias and suicidal thoughts |
| nortriptyline nor-trip-ti-leen | Tricyclic antidepressants , used for depression and chronic pain. may cause arrhythmias and suicidal thoughts |
| citalopram si-tal-oh-pram | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressant. Selectively inhibits the reuptake of serotonin in the CNS watch for ventricle tachycardia and serotonin syndrome. |
| escitalopram ess-sit-al-o-pram | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressant. Selectively inhibits the reuptake of serotonin in the CNS watch for and serotonin syndrome. |
| paroxetine, low dose par-ox-e-teen | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressant. Inhibits neuronal reuptake of serotonin in the CNS, thus potentiating the activity of serotonin; has little effect on norepinephrine or dopamine. Watch MAO inhibitors |
| sertraline ser-tra-leen | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressant. Inhibits neuronal uptake of serotonin in the CNS, thus potentiating the activity of serotonin. Has little effect on norepinephrine or dopamine. Watch MAO inhibitors, VTC |
| MAO inhibitors are | Monoamine Oxidase inhibitors , another form of antidepressants |
| bupropion byoo-proe-pee-on | Antidepressant. Aminoketones. Decreases neuronal reuptake of dopamine in the CNS. used for smoking and depression |
| Duloxetine do-lox-e-teen | selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors-SSNRIs antidepressants, used for major depress. GAD. chronic muscle pain. and diabetic neuropathic pain |
| Trazodone traz-oh-done | Serotonin Modulator for Major Depression watch for suicidal and MAO inhibitors |
| Aripiprazole air-a pip-ra-zole | AntiPsychotic , serotonin-dopamine activity modulators (SDAM), Schizophrenia , bipolar, depression. |
| Clozapine kloe-za-peen | AntiPsychotic, Schizophrenia , suicidal behavior watch for many heart issues |
| haloperidol ha-loe-per-i-dole, (Haldol) | AntiPsychotic, butyrophenones, Acute and chronic psychotic disorders, managing aggressive or agitated patients. |
| Olanzapine oh-lan-za-peen | AntiPsychotic, thienobenzodiazepines, Schizophrenia and bipolar , can also be used for N/V in chemo pt. |
| lithium | mood stabilizers, Treatment of acute manic and mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder. |
| temazepam tem-az-a-pam | Sedative/Hypnotic. benzodiazepines, Short-term management of insomnia (<4 wk). |
| zolpidem zole-pi-dem | Sedative/Hypnotic. Controlled Substance Schedule: IV, management of insomnia |
| donepezil doe-nep-i-zill | anti-Alzheimers's agents, May temporarily lessen some of the dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease |
| Carbamazepine kar-ba-maz-e-peen | Anticonvulsants, mood stabilizers. Prevention of seizures. Relief of pain in trigeminal neuralgia. watch for suicidal and Pancreatitis |
| divalproex sodium dye-val-proe-ex | Anticonvulsants, Vascular HA suppressants, watch for suicidal and Pancreatitis |
| furosemide fur-oh-se-mide | Loop Diuretic, Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule , decrease BP watch for HoTN. |
| Hydrochlorothiazide hye-droe-klor-oh-thye-a-zide | thiazide diuretics, antihypertensive, Management of mild to moderate hypertension. and Edema d/t HF, renal fail, cirrhosis |
| indapamide in-dap-a-mide | Diuretic and Antihypertensive, Edema associated with HF and other causes. Mild to moderate hypertension. |
| meclizine mek-li-zeen | Antiemetic and Antihistamine, Motion sickness, Vertigo |
| metoclopramide met-oh-kloe-pra-mide | Antiemetic prevention of N/V in postop and chemo. |
| ondansetron on-dan-se-tron | Antiemetic , prevention of N/V in postop and radiation and chemo therapy |
| cimetidine sye-meta-deen | Antiulcer agent, Management of GERD, heartburn and ulcers. watch for arrhythmias. |
| ranitidine ra-ni-ti-deen | Antiulcer agent, Management of GERD, heartburn, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and ulcers. watch for arrhythmias. |
| esomeprazole es-oh-mep-ra-zole | Antiulcer agent, proton pump inhibitors, GERD/erosive esophagitis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome . watch for C-Diff diarrhea. |
| omeprazole o-mep-ra-zole | Antiulcer agent, proton pump inhibitors, GERD/erosive esophagitis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome . watch for C-Diff diarrhea. |
| lansoprazole lan-soe-pra-zole | Antiulcer agent, proton pump inhibitors, GERD/erosive esophagitis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome . watch for C-Diff diarrhea. |
| dutasteride doo-tas-te-ride | benign prostatic hyperplasia bph agents, Management of the symptoms of BPH to help in urination |
| finasteride fi-nas-teer-ide | benign prostatic hyperplasia bph agents, Management of the symptoms of BPH to help in urination , and helps with hair growth r/t alopecia |
| tamsulosin tam-soo-loe-sin | benign prostatic hyperplasia bph agents, Management of the symptoms of BPH to help in urination |
| sildenafil sil-den-a-fil | erectile dysfunction agents, vasodilator, watch for MI |
| tadalafil ta-da-la-fil | erectile dysfunction agents, vasodilator |
| vardenafil var-den-a-fil | erectile dysfunction agents, vasodilator, watch for vision and hearing loss. |
| heparin | Anticoagulant, antithrombotic, Prophylaxis and treatment of various thromboembolic disorders, to prevent thrombus formation |
| echinacea ek-i-nay-sha | immune stimulants, Herbal, respiratory and urinary tract infections. |
| Alprazolam al-pray-zoe-lam | Antianxiety Benzodiazepine, Relief of anxiety, GAD, Panic disorders. |
| captopril kap-toe-pril | ACE inhibitor, Antihypertensive. Lowering of BP in patients with hypertension. watch for Angioedema |
| enalapril e-nal-a-pril | ACE inhibitor, Antihypertensive. Lowering of BP in patients with hypertension. watch for Angioedema |
| lisinopril lyse-in-oh-pril | ACE inhibitor, Antihypertensive. Lowering of BP in patients with hypertension. watch for Angioedema |
| nitroglycerin | Antianginals. nitrates , Increases coronary blood flow by dilating coronary arteries, vasodilation, watch for Hotn. |
| atorvastatin a-tore-va-stat-in (Lipitor) | HMG- CoA reductase inhibitors, antilipidemic, Lowering of total and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides |
| simvastatin sim-va-sta-tin | HMG- CoA reductase inhibitors, antilipidemic, Lowering of total and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides |
| niacin nye-a-sin | lipid-lowering agents, water soluble vitamins, decrease blood lipids ; may need to take ASA 30 prior to prevent flushing of the face. |
| bumetanide byoo-met-a-nide | Loop Diuretic, Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule. excretion of water, sodium chloride, magnesium, potassium, and calcium. |
| gabapentin gaba-pen-tin | Anticonvulsant, Seizures, Neuralgia, restless leg syndrome. Anxiety, HA, |
| Phenobarbital fee-noe-bar-bi-tal | Anticonvulsant, Sedative/Hypnotics. Barbiturates. Anticonvulsant activity. Sedation. |
| phenytoin fen-i-toyn | Anticonvulsant, treatment for seizures and ventricular arrhythmias |
| atropine | Antiarrhythmic, increase HR, slow down GI and Resp. secretions |
| protamine sulfate proe-ta-meen | Antidote, antiheparin, Inactivation of heparin. |
| sodium polystyrene sulfonate | Hypokalemic, treatment for Hyperkalemia, to reduce serum potassium levels. |
| Tacrine | Alzheimer's medication |
| Levobunolol | Beta Blocker Topical/ Antiglaucoma |
| Pilocarpine HCL | Treatment for dry mouth, may be d/t radiation treatment to head and neck. |
| Levofloxacin le-voe-flox-a-sin | Anti-infectant, Fluoroquinolones , treatment for UTI, Pneumonia, skin infections. other infections |
| Ciprofloxacin sip-roe-flox-a-sin | Anti-infectant, Fluoroquinolones , treatment for UTI, Pneumonia, skin infections. other infections |
| Doxycycline calcium | Anti-infectant, Tetracycline, Inhibits bacterial growth against unusual organisms |
| Tetracycline HCL | Anti-infectant, Tetracycline, Inhibits bacterial growth against unusual organisms |
| Amiodarone HLC am-ee-oh-da-rone | Antiarrhythmic, treatment for tachyarrhythmias and VT and VF |
| Lidocaine HCL | Antiarrhythmic, control ventricular arrhythmias and for local anesthesia |
| Clonidine klon-i-deen | Antihypertensive, adrenergic, used for decreasing BP, Pain, and improvement of ADHD symptoms. |
| Hydralazine hye-dral-a-zeen | Antihypertensive, Lowering of BP in hypertensive patients and decreased afterload in patients with HF. |
| Clopidogrel bisulfate | platelet aggregation inhibitors, Reduction in risk of MI and stroke. |
| Ticlopidine HCL tye-cloe-pi-deen | Antiplatelet, Decrease stroke in high risk pt. that are unable to tolerate aspirin. |
| Spironolactone speer-ohno-lak-tone | potassium-sparing diuretics, |
| Dobutamine HCL doe-byoo-ta-meen | inotropics, adrenergics, Increased cardiac output without significantly increased heart rate. |
| Dopamine HCL | inotropics, adrenergics, Vasopressor, Increased cardiac output, increased BP, and improved renal blood flow. |
| Epinephrine | vasopressors. adrenergic, Maintenance of heart rate and BP. Bronchodilation. |
| Norepinephrine | vasopressors, Produces vasoconstriction and myocardial stimulation, Alpha adrenergic stimulator. |
| Glipizide | Antidiabetic, PO med that stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin. sulfonylureas |
| Glyburide | Antidiabetic, PO med that stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin. sulfonylureas |
| Rosiglitazone roe-zi-glit-a-zone | Antidiabetic, PO med that improves sensitivity of cells insulin receptors. TZD |
| Vasopressin | antidiuretic hormones, Decreased urine output and increased urine osmolality in diabetes insipidus. increases BP |
| Dexamethasone | anti-inflammatories (steroidal), suppresses inflammation and the normal immune response. |
| Levothyroxine | Thyroid hormone T4, Replacement in hypothyroidism to restore normal hormonal balance. |
| Aluminum hydroxide | Antiulcer, Antacid, Hyperacidity, indigestion, reflux esophagitis. |
| Calcium carbonate | Mineral, Relief of acid indigestion or heartburn. Hypocalcemia. |
| Diphenoxylate HCL | Antidiarrheal, Anticholinergic, Decreased GI motility with subsequent decrease in diarrhea. |
| Loperamide | Antidiarrheal, Inhibits peristalsis, Relief of diarrhea. |
| Oxybutynin | urinary tract antispasmodics, anticholinergic, Delays desire to void assoc. with overactive bladder. |
| Tolterodine | urinary tract antispasmodics, anticholinergic, Delays desire to void assoc. with overactive bladder. |
| Epoetin alfa | erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA), antianemic Stimulates erythropoiesis to maintain RBC |
| Ferrous Sulfate | Iron supplement, antianemic, prevention of iron deficiency anemia. |
| Enoxaparin e-nox-a-pa-rin | Anticoagulant, Antithrombotic, Prevention of thrombus formation. |
| Warfarin | Anticoagulant, coumarins, Prevention of thromboembolic events. May take a couple of days for therapeutic action. |
| Filgrastim | colony-stimulating factors, Decreased incidence of infection in patients who are neutropenic from chemotherapy or other causes. |
| Oprelvekin o-prell-ve-kin | colony-stimulating factors, Increase platelet count. |
| Tissue Plasminogen activator (Activase) | Thrombolytic, plasminogen activators, Lysis of thrombi in coronary arteries, PE, ischemic stroke, and caths. |
| Streptokinase (Streptase) | Thrombolytic, plasminogen activators, Lysis of thrombi in coronary arteries, PE, ischemic stroke, and caths. |
| Succinylcholine chloride sux-sinil-koe-leen | neuromuscular blocking agents-depolarizing, Skeletal muscle paralyzer, used during surgical procedures. |
| 5 Anticonvulsants | Carbamazepine, Divalproex, Gabapentin, Phenobarbital, Phenytoin. |
| 2 AntiParkinson | Carbidopa/ levodopa, Levodopa |
| 2 AntiAlzheimer's | Donepezil, Tacrine |
| 3 Antiretrovirals | Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Zidovudine |
| 3 ACE inhibitors | Captopril, Enalapril, Lisinopril |
| 2 Antiarrhythmics | Amiodarone, Lidocaine |
| 3 Calcium channel blockers | Verapamil, Diltiazem, Amlodipine |
| 3 Loop diuretics | Bumetanide, Furosemide, Ethacrynic acid |
| 2 Antiplatelet | Clopidogrel, Ticlopidine |
| 2 Thiazide diuretics | Hydrochlorothiazide, Indapamide |
| 3 Antiemetics | Meclizine, Metoclopramide, Odansetron |
| 6 Antiulcer agents | Ranitidine, Cimetidine, Esomeprazole, Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, Pantoprazole |
| 3 Erectile Dysfunction agents | Sildenafil, Tadalafil, Vardenafil |
| 4 SMR, skeletal muscle relaxants | Baclofen, Carisoprodol, Cyclobenzaprine, Succinylcholine |
| 3 AntiAnxiety agents | Alprazolam, Diazepam, Lorazepam |
| 4 SSRI antidepressants | Citalopram, Escitalopram, Paroxetine, Sertraline |
| 3 Antidepressants other | Bupropion, Duloxetine, Trazodone |
| 4 AntiPsychotics | Aripiprazole, Clozapine, Haloperidol, Olanzapine |
| 2 Hypnotics | Temazepam, Zolpidem |
| 4 AntiTuberculars first line | Isoniazid, Rifampin, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide |
| 3 Anticoagulants | Heparin, Enoxaparin, Warfarin |
| 2 AntiGout | Allopurinol, Colchicine |
| 3 Bone reabsorption inhibitors (antiresorptive) | Alendronate, Ibandronate, Zoledronic acid |
| 2 AntiRheumatics | Adalimumab, Auranofin. |
| Streptomycin | Antitubercular ; aminoglycoside hearing issues, IM inj. b/c does not absorb in GI, watch kidney. 2-3 liters h2o daily |
| Ethambutol | Antitubercular; eye issues, check vision daily, liver, give w/ meal |
| Pyrazinamide | Antitubercular; give w/ meal, liver and gout |
| Trastuzumab | monoclonal antibody for Breast Cancer |
| Anastrozole | Breast Cancer. hormone therapy for post menopausal |
| Toremifene | Breast Cancer. blocks estrogen receptors for post menopausal |
| Hydroxyurea | SCD ; immune suppressant on bone marrow |
| Cyclosporin | Rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren syndrome; immune supp. DMARD |
| Methotrexate | Rheumatoid arthritis ; immune supp. DMARD |
| Truvada | PrEP; pre exposure prophylaxis for HIV |
| Riluzole | ALS treatment |
| Edaravone | ALS treatment |
| Pyridostigmine | Myasthenia gravis treatment along with prednisone |
| Amikacin | Antitubercular; 2nd line, used with streptomycin, Hearing issues , need to intake 2-3 liter h2o daily |
| Mannitol | Osmotic diuretic, used in IICP |
| Diprivan | Hypnotic Sedative |
| Ethacrynic acid | Loop diuretic |
| 2 AntiTuberculars second line | Streptomycin, Amikacin |
| Amikacin | second line tuberculosis drug, hearing and kidney issues. |
| Therapeutic Digoxin level | 0.8 to 2 ng/mL |
| Therapeutic Lithium level | 0.4 to 1.4 mEq/L;; anything over 1.5 toxic |
| Therapeutic Phenobarbital level | 10 to 40 mcg/mL |
| Therapeutic Theophylline level | 10 to 20 mcg/mL |
| Therapeutic Dilantin level | 10 to 20 mcg/mL |
| 3 MAOI | Isocarboxaline, Phenelzine, Selegiline |
| Isocarboxaline | MAOI drug , watch for Tyramine intake |
| Phenelzine | MAOI drug , watch for Tyramine intake |
| Selegiline | MAOI drug , watch for Tyramine intake |
Created by:
scones and joe
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