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Rock Cycle
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Sediment | Material (such as gravel, sand, mud and lime that is transported and deposited by wind, water, ice, or gravity. |
Cementation | The process by which clastic sediment is lithified by precipitation of mineral cement, such as calcite cement, among the grains of the sediment. |
lithification | The processes by which sediment is converted into sedimentary rock. These processes include cementation and compaction |
melting | To go from a solid state to a liquid state |
uplift | A structurally high area in the crust, produced by movements that raise the rocks, as in a broad dome or arch. |
weathering | The processes by which rocks are chemically altered or physically broken into fragments as a result of exposure to atmospheric agents and the pressures and temperatures at the near Earth's surface. |
erosion | The processes that loosen sediment and move it from one place to another on Earth's surface. Agents include water ice wind and gravity. |
magma | Molten rock, generally a silicate melts with suspended crystals and dissolved gases |
compaction | Tighter packing of sedimentary grains causing weak lithification and a decrease in porosity, usually from weight of overlying sediment |
metamorphism | Alteration of the minerals and textures of a rock by changes in temperature and pressure, and / or by a gain or loss of chemical components |
pressure | The force per unit of area exerted upon something, such as on a surface |
deposition | The settling of materials out of a transporting medium |
transportation | The processes that carry sediment or other materials away from their point of origin. Includes wind, water, and mantle convection currents. |