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Week 3
Week 3 HESI practice Concepts of Nursing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Zoonosis is the spread of disease from animals to humans. Which is a clinical example of a zoonotic infection? | Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) |
| A patient has developed West Nile fever after being bitten by a mosquito. Which type of infection does the nurse recognize that the patient has contracted? | Emerging |
| A patient has been prescribed antiretroviral therapy (ART), and the nurse is monitoring the assessment of growth of human immodeficiency virus ( HIV) in the concentrations of prescribed antiretroviral drugs. The nurse anticipates that what test will be ad | Phenotype assay |
| Which bacteria is considered normal flora in the large intestine? | Escherichia coli |
| Which bacteria live in the large intestine and act to protect the body by preventing the overgrowth of other microorganisms? | Normal flora |
| A patient with phlebitis due to prolonged IV cannulation develops a fever, chills, and an elevated white blood cell count. Blood cultures are drawn and reveal Staphylococcus aureus. Of which type of infection is this an example? | Systemic |
| The nurse, who was accidently stuck with a needle used for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), reported the incident to the charge nurse. Which action would the injured employee implement next? | Immediate care of the exposed site with soap and water |
| Which is a microorganism capable of causing disease? | Pathogen |
| When caring for patients, which action does the nurse take to prevent health care- associated infections (HAIs)? | Wash hands before and after patient care |
| In which order does the pathophysiology of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) occur? - | 1 HIV fuses with a CD4 cell. 2. RNA of HIV virus enters the CD4 cell. 3. Reverse transcriptase transforms HIV RNA 4. Integrase integrates HIV genetic material. 5. Protease cleaves new genetic material. |
| Which statement would concern the nurse the most when a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) comes to the clinic with a temperature of 102.F? | "I have a rash that appeared on my stomach this morning" |
| The nurse provides discharge education for a patient who receives a new prescription for an antibiotic. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? | "I will stop taking the antibiotic when my symptoms are better." |
| To cope with the side effects of receiving efavirenz (Sustiva) once a day, which instruction would the nurse provide the patient? | Take the dose at bedtime |
| A patient with an infection is prescribed ceftriaxone for 10 days. During a follow up visit, the patient reports to the nurse, "I stopped the medication after taking it for five days because I feel better. How dies the nurse respond? | Explain the importance of completing the planned medication therapy. |
| The nurse is caring for a patient with active hepatitis C and recalls that the disease is spread by which route? | Blood |
| Which information would the nurse provide the patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who asks about factors determining progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? Select all that apply. | 1. Progression of HIV can be assessed by your viral load. 2. Your CD4 + T-cell count is one of several factors identified. |
| The nurse provides education to staff about mycotic infections and includes which examples? Select all that apply. | 1. Thrush 2. Tinea pedis 3. Tinea corporis |
| In the early stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which cells protect the human body from infections? | T cells |
| Which diagnostic test would the nurse prepare for the patient who is taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and reports feeling like he or she did prior to startig ART? | Phenotype assay |
| A health care facility notes a recent increase in the incidence of health care associated infections (HAIs). Which nursing | Frequent and thorough handwashing |
| A patient, with a recent history of 10% body mass loss and herpes simplex with chronic ulcers, has a CD4+ cell count of <200 cells /uL and is diagnosed with Burkitt's lymphoma. Which infection would the nurse associate these clinical manifestations? | Human immunodeficiency virus |
| The nurse is providing care for a patient with a five year history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which assessment finding indicates an acute exacerbation of the disease? | A sharp decrease in the patient's CD4 + count |
| The patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HI) does not want to take more one prescribed antiretroviral medication at a time. Which explanation would the nurse provide the patient regarding combination antiretroviral therapy? | Viral replication will be inhibited through use of the combinations |
| For which symptoms would the nurse assess a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? | low grade fever and persistent diarrhea |
| The nurse is teaching a patient about preventing the spread of infection when someone has a cold or the flu. Which is the most important action for the nurse to recommend to the patient? | Wash the hands frequently |
| The nurse is traveling to an underdeveloped country in which dengue fever is a concern. The nurse recognizes that which virus causes the disease? | Flavivirus |
| The nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports for a patient with pneumonia who is resistant to penicillin G. The nurse anticipates that which medication will be prescribed? | Ceftriaxone |
| The nurse is caring for a patient who is suspected of having a fungal infection on the groin area. Which organisms does the nurse determine could be causing the rash? Select all that apply. | 1. Trichophyton 2. Microsporum 3. Epidermophyton |
| A patient with a recent diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) expresses anger and asks the nurse, "Why has GOD done this to me? Which behavior is the patient exhibiting | spiritual distress |
| Whiles staffing an ambulatory care unit for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which question would the nurse ask to help patients to address end-of-life and death issues? | Do you desire support from a spiritual counselor |
| A patient, in the terminal phase of acquired immunodeficiency syndrime (AIDS), tells the home care nurse, I brought the disease upon myself. I stopped going to church and speaking with those who previousely provided spiritual support. Which spiritualuty g | Assist patient in reconciling with his or her God or higher being. |
| A patient is diagnosed with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infection in a surgical wound. Which infection does the nurse implement? | Contact precautions |
| Which patient factor has contributed to the development of antibiotic resistant superinfections? | Skipping doses of antibiotics |
| A patient with a Staphylococcus aureus infection is prescribed vancomycin once daily for seven days. During a follow up visit, the nurse suspects that the patient is at risk for developing resistance to the medication. Which statement by the patient suppo | I frequently forgot to take the medication |
| A returning patient with AIDS attends the clinic visit with a partner. Which actions would the nurse implement when discovering the patient was nonadherent with the prescribed therapy? | B. Assess reasoning for nonadherence and the need to change the medication regimen. C. Determine whether the patient experienced any adverse effects of the medications. D. Determine whether the patient understands the need for treatment compliance. |
| Which opportunistic infection would the nurse associate with a patient who is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and resents with yello patches in her mouth, esophagus, and vagina? | Candida albicans |
| Which opportunistic infections would the nurse monitor for clinical manifestations in the patient with AIDS? Select all that apply. | 1. Candidiasis of bronchi 2. Toxoplasmosis of the brain 3. Mycobacterium avium (MAC) complex |
| An older patient is admitted to an emergency department with a new onset of acute confusion. The patient is afebrile. The health care provider suspects an infection and prescribes a complete blood cound *CBC), a urine culture, and a chest x-ray. Which is | Older adults have a lower core body temperature and lowered immune response |
| The nurse assesses a patient with recently diagnosed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). When obtaining a health history from the patient, what statement does the nurse determine most correlated with this diagnosois? | I have had a steady weight loss over the past several months. |
| Which statement by the patient, newly diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, indicates an understanding of ways to prevent transmission of others | "I will avoid sharing utensils with others." |
| The nurse reminds the staff that standard precautions are implemented when providing care for which type of patient? | All patients regardless of diagnosis |
| When providing educational content for parents preparing their children for school, which infection would the nurse teach is preventable with vaccines? | Poliomyelitis |
| The nurse is educating a patient about ways to decrease the risk of antibiotic resistant infection. Which instructions does the nurse include in the teaching? | 1. Perform frequent handwashing 2. Follow directions as prescribed 3. Complete the full course of antibiotics |
| When caring for older adults the nurse monitors for which early manifestation of infection? | Cognitive changes |
| The nurse would stress the importance of which information when teaching health promotion activities to a patient with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection? | Delaying disease progression |
| The nurse assesses that an older patient with an indwelling catheter is confused, a febrile, and experiencing behavioral cahanges. Which condition does the nurse suspect? | The patient has an infection. |
| A patient is infected with Enterococcus faecalis. The nurse identifies that which medications may be prescribed? Select all that apply. | 1.Daptomycin 2. Oritavancin |
| When teaching a patient with HIV about CD4 T-cells, which statement would the nurse include? | HIV destroys your CD4 T cells and depletes your immune syste. |
| A health care provider advises prescribing an antibiotic to a patient with a sever cold, sore throat, and runny nose. The patient states, I really think that an antibiotic would make me feel better soon. How does the school respond.? | "An antibiotic is ineffective against a cold or flu." |
Created by:
Brandi Sizemore
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