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KrodriguezSS14
Ch 14 Vocab and comprehension questions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Knight | A man who received honor and land in exchange for serving a lord as a soldier |
| Middle Ages | The years between ancient and modern times |
| Medieval | Referring to the Middle Ages |
| Feudalism | A system in which land was owned by kings or lords but held by vassals in return for their loyalty |
| Manor | A large estate often including farms and a village ruled by a lord |
| Serf | A farm worker considered part of the manor on which he or she worked |
| When were the Middle Ages? | Between 500-1500AD |
| Why did the collapse of the Roman Empire lead to a new age in Western Europe? | the empire had broken into many small kingdoms and other groups began moving into the region |
| What was feudalism? | A system in which land was owned by kings or lords but held by vassals in return for their loyalty |
| How did the system of feudalism work? | landowner nobles such as lords and kings held the power. vassals held the land in return for their loyalty to the nobles. vassals were expected to raise armies and fight for the nobles when necessary. |
| How was a manor organized? | farmers, laborers and any skilled craftspeople needed to keep the manor running on a self-sufficient basis |
| Why did a manor produce a wide variety of goods? | manors had to be self-sufficient |
| What was the relationship of a serf to his or her manor? | a serf was considered to be part of the manor |
| How and why might a serf become free? | a serf could become free by buying a plot of land or by running away to a city without being caught for a year and a day |
| Clergy | Persons with authority to perform religious services |
| Excommunication | Expelling someone from the church |
| Guild | A medieval organization of crafts workers or tradespeople |
| Apprentice | An unpaid person training in a craft or trade |
| Chivalry | The code of honorable conduct for knights |
| Troubadour | A traveling poet and musician of the Middle Ages |
| How was the Church important in everyday life? | providing services for any major event including births, marriages etc... |
| How did this importance contribute to the Church’s power? | the influence of the Church in everyday life increased its power |
| What factors led to the increase in trade in Western Europe? | the region became safer, leading to an increase in travel and exposure to new goods |
| How might the growth of trade have affected the life of an ordinary person? | an ordinary person might have access to a new variety of goods |
| What were guilds? | associations formed by merchants, traders and crafts workers |
| Why would someone join a guild? | since consumers knew that guild members goods met quality standards, they might have preferred to buy good from a member increasing a member's business |
| What was chivalry? | the code of honorable conduct by which knights were supposed to live |
| Why was chivalry a popular topic for troubadours? | people probably considered stories of chivalry to be exciting and entertaining. |
| Holy land | Jerusalem and parts of the surrounding area where Jesus lived and taught |
| Crusades | A series of military expeditions launched by Christian Europeans to win the holy land back from Muslim control |
| Jerusalem | A city in the holy land regarded sacred by Christian’s, Muslims and jews |
| Pilgrim | A person who journeys to a sacred place |
| What was the chief goal of the crusaders? | To capture the holy land |
| Why do you think Pope Urban II called the First Crusade a “just” or honorable war? | He believed that Christian’s should control the holy land and felt that going to war to gain control of it was just. |
| List the events of the First Crusade in order | Peter and the army went to Constantinople. Byzantine emperor said to wait for more knights before attacking. Peter agreed but his followers rebelled and attacked the Turks. Many died, other troops captured holy land with pope urban II |
| How do you think European Christians viewed Muslim Turks? How do you think Muslims living in the holy land viewed the crusaders? | European Christians probably viewed them as enemies trying to control something more important to Christians. The turks probably thought of Christians as enemies trying to take something important to them |
| What were the main effects of the Crusaders on life in Europe? | revival of trade, growth of cities, increased use of money, introduction of new ideas and tech |
| What might have happened in Europe if the Crusaders have never taken place? | european cities might not have grown as quickly, Europeans may not have started explorations when they did |
| nation | a community of people that shares territory and a government |
| Magna Carta | the great charter, in which the king's power over his nobles was limited, agreed to by King John of England in 1215 |
| Model Parliament | council of lords, clergy, and common people that advised the English king on government matters |
| Hundred Years' War | a series of conflicts between England and France |
| how much power did kings have under feudalism? | they reigned over kingdoms but often had the same power as wealthy lords |
| why did feudalism decline and how did this affect the power of kings? | the growth of trade and towns and the weakening of nobles, kings gained more power |
| what are two limits on the king's power established by the Magna Carta? | cannot jail freemen without a trial and not raise taxes without consulting the Great Council |
| how did the Magna Carta help unify England as a nation? | it gave more power to the Great Council |
| who fought in the Hundred Years' War? | england and france |
| how did this war help unify two nations? | it stirred national pride and helped define borders of the two countries |
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krodriguez24
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