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Solutions

NYS Chemistry Curriculum

TermDefinition
Solution A homogeneous mixture containing two or more substances
Solute The substance that is being dissolved
Solvent The substance doing the dissolving
Soluble the substance CAN be dissolved in a particular solvent
Insoluble the substance CANNOT be dissolved in a particular solvent
Miscible Two liquids that are soluble in each other, and will mix homogeneously (become a solution)
Imiscible Two liquids that do not mix homogeneously (and cannot become a solution)
Concentration A measure of how much of a solute is dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution
Saturated Contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute for the given conditions
Unsaturated Contains less dissolved solute for the given conditions
Supersaturated Contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution at the same conditions
Electrolyte a solution that contains ions and can conduct electricity
Nonelectrolyte a solution that does NOT conduct electricity (because it does not contain dissolved ions)
concentrated a vague term implying that it is a strong solution
dilute a vague term implying that a solution is watered down, or a low concentration
(M) Molarity concentration calculation where moles of solute is divided by Liters of solution
% Mass or % Volume concentration calculation that uses mass or volume. Divide amount of solute by amount of solution, then multiply by 100.
(PPM) Parts per Million concentration calculation used mainly in environmental applications. mass solute/mass solution x 1,000,000
Colligative properties Ionic solutions alter properties such as the freezing point and boiling points of their solvents, by lowering vapor pressure. The more ions present, the great the effect.
Boiling point elevation and Freezing point depression A solution will freeze at a lower temp than its pure solvent, and boil and a higher boiling point than its pure solvent will. This is because dissolved ions get in the way and make it more difficult to water to do its thing!
Created by: PRO Teacher etucci
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