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krodriguezSS10
Ch 10 vocab and comprehension questions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Constantinople | the capital of the eastern Roman Empire and later of the Byzantine Empire |
| Constantine | an emperor of the Roman Empire and the founder of Constantinople |
| Justinian | one of the greatest Byzantine emperors |
| Justinian's Code | an organized collection and explanation of Roman laws for use by the Byzantine Empire |
| schism | a split, particularly in a church or religion |
| Where was Constantinople located? | at the eastern end of the Roman Empire on the Bosporus |
| How did its location contribute to its growth and to the strength of the Byzantine Empire? | it was at a crossroads of land and sea trade routes between Asia and Europe. goods passing through the city enriched it through duties and the diversity of people made it an important center of ideas |
| What qualities made Justinian a good and successful ruler? | he was energetic, didn't give up easily and listened to everyone's ideas |
| Why was Justinian's Code so important? | it organized a collection of disorganized Roman laws and became the basis for later legal systems |
| What was the dispute that split the medieval Christian church? | during an argument over whether or not icons should be worshipped, the pope banished the Byzantine emperor from the Christian church |
| Why might that split have weakened the empire? | fighting may have broken out between supporters of the two churches; Roman Catholics may not have wanted to trade in Constantinople |
| Muhammad | the prophet and founder of Islam |
| nomads | people with no permanent home, who move from place to place in search of food, water or pasture |
| caravan | a group of traders traveling together for safety |
| Mecca | an Arabian trading center and Muhammad's birthplace |
| Muslim | a follower of Islam |
| mosque | a Muslim house of worship |
| Quran | the holy book of Islam |
| What geographic feature covers most of the Arabian Peninsula? | desert |
| How did geography affect trade and settlement there? | most of the population was settled along the coast. One group of nomads, called the Bedouins, lived in the desert areas, herding animals and leading trade caravans. desert oases developed into trade centers |
| Why do you think the Bedouins became nomads? | because they herded animals, the Bedouins had to search constantly for enough food and water for their herds |
| What were the main events of Muhammad’s life? | he was born in 570AD in Mecca, he heard God speak to him and began to preach his message. in 622 he moved to Medina with his followers. in 630 he went back to Mecca and dies in 632 |
| What are the main beliefs of Islam? | there is one God, Muhammad is his prophet, pray 5 times a day facing Mecca, give money to the needy, fast during the day in Ramadan, make pilgrimage to Mecca once in their life |
| What beliefs do Sunnis and Shiites share? What beliefs separate them? | both groups follow the Five Pillars. the Shiites believe that only a direct descendant of Muhammad's should lead Islam, while Sunnis believe that any truly religious Muslim can lead Islam. |
| Omar Khayyam | a Muslim poet, mathematician and astronomer |
| caliph | a Muslim ruler |
| Sufis | a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting and a simple life |
| Describe the two main ways that Islam spread beyond the Arabian Peninsula | through trade and conquest |
| how might the culture of Europe be different today if the Arabs had won the Battle of Tours in 732? | all of Europe might be Muslim or under Muslim control and Europeans might also speak and write Arabic |
| Where is Baghdad located? | on the Tigris River |
| What made if a good choice for the capital of an empire? | it was located at a major trade route crossroads |
| how do geography and trade contribute to a city's prosperity and power? | a city can make money from duties or other taxes on trade goods or tolls. trade routes bring in diverse people and new ideas, which enriches a city's culture. |
| name three Arab contributions to mathematics and science | algebra, the "canon of medicine", the use of hospitals and pharmacies |
| how do these contributions combine borrowed knowledge and new ideas? | Arab mathematicians and scientists expanded on existing ideas, such as Greek medical knowledge and the existing concept of zero |
Created by:
krodriguez24
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