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Unit 6 Vocab Part 2
6.4, 6.8, 6.9
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Gravity Model | Used to discuss the degree to which two places interact with each other. Looks at the size of cities and distance between cities. |
Primate City | A city that serves as by far the biggest city in the country that it inhabits. It's population is exponentially greater than the population of the next largest city in that country. |
Rank Size Rule | Explains how population size of cities within a country may be distributed. 2nd city will be half the size of the largest city and the third largest city will be 1/3rd the size of the largest city, etc. |
Christaller’s Central Place Theory | Explains the hierarchical patterns in the number, size, and location of cities and other settlements. |
Market Area (Hinterland) | The area surrounding a central place, from which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services. |
Sustainable Design | Creates the ability of communities and wider urban systems to minimize their impact on the environment, in an effort to create places that endure. |
Transportation-Oriented Development | The creation of dense, walkable, pedestrian-oriented, mixed-use communities centered around or located near a transit station. |
Slow Growth Cities | Cities where planners have used smart-growth policies to decrease the rate at which cities grow outward. |
Smart Growth Policies | Policies that seek to control sprawl and enhance livability by enacting policies, strategies, and regulations to encourage certain types of development: efficient, sustainable, convenient locations. |
Urban Walkability | How safe, convenient, and efficient it is to walk in an urban environment. Also refers to the availability of locations such as stores or workplaces that are within walking distance of people’s homes. |
Zoning Practices | Method of urban planning in which a government divides land into areas called zones, each of which has a set of regulations for new development that differs from other zones. |
De facto Segregation | Occurs when lower-income people of color are unable to afford to live in desirable new smart-growth developments, which become populated by wealthier White residents. (Segregation that happens organically instead of being enforced by law) |
Greenbelt | A ring of land maintained as parks, agriculture, or other types of open space to limit the sprawl of an urban area. |
Mixed Land Use | Permits multiple land uses in the same space or structure. Blends a use of residential, commercial, institutional, or industrial uses. Fits the model of New Urbanism better. |
New Urbanism | Urban planning and development approach that applies the principles of smart growth and limits sprawl. |
Qualitative Data | Qualitative data from field studies and narratives provide information about individual attitudes toward urban change. |
Quantitative Data | Quantitative information about a city’s population is provided by census and survey data and provides information about changes in population composition and size in urban areas. |
Census Data | The procedure of systematically calculating, acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. |
Survey Data | The resultant data that is collected from a sample of respondents that took a survey. |
Field Study | Research activities that take place by leaving the office and observing people. |
Field Narrative | Stories, autobiography, journals, field notes, letters, conversations, interviews, family stories, photos (and other artifacts), and life experience. Used to research and understand the way people create meaning in their lives as narratives. |
Metropolitan Statistical Area | A core area containing a substantial population nucleus, together with adjacent communities having a high degree of economic and social integration with that core. |