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Classification (LS)
Classification Vocabulary from Life Science (LS)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Organism | an individual animal, plant or single-celled life form. |
| Cell | the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single cell, which is either eukaryotic or prokaryotic |
| Unicellular | (of protozoans, certain algae, spores etc.) consisting of a singular cell |
| Multicellular | (of an organism or part) having or consisting many cells |
| Metabolism | a chemical reaction in which the body's cells reactions that change the food into energy |
| Stimulus | a thing or event that evokes a special functional reaction in the organ or tissue |
| Response | An action or movement due to the application of a stimulus |
| Development | when something is developing in the cells or parts of the body |
| Asexual reproduction | a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes |
| Sexual reproduction | occurs when the sperm from the male parent fertilizes an egg from the female parent |
| Spontaneous generation | the natural process by which life has arisen from non-living matter, such as simple organic compounds. |
| Autotroph | an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide. |
| Heterotroph | an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances. |
| Classification | the arrangement of animals and plants in taxonomic groups according to their observed similarities (including at least kingdom and phylum in animals, division in plants, and class, order, family, genus, and species). |
| Taxonomy | the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms; systematics; the classification of something, especially organisms. |
| Binomial nomenclature | a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, |
| Genus | a biological classification ranking between family and species, consisting of structurally or phylogenetically related species or a single isolated species exhibiting unusual differentiation (monotypic genus). |
| Species | the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism |
| Prokaryote | a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the bacteria and cyanobacteria |
| Eukaryote | an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than the eubacteria and archaebacteria. |
| Nucleus | a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material (also known as the brain if the cell) |
| Evolution | the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth. |
| Branching tree diagram | A diagram that shows probable evolutionary relationships among organisms. Shared Derived Characteristic. |
| Shared derived characteristics | a characteristic or trait that two lineages share, which has evolved leading up to their clade. |
| Convergent evolution | In evolutionary biology, convergent evolution is defined as the process whereby distantly related organisms independently evolve similar traits to adapt to similar necessities. |
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