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quiz 2

Chap 6,7,9

QuestionAnswer
Name physiological variables that affect blood samples in the preexamination/preanalytical phase of testing? Age, altitude, dehydration, diet, diurnal/circadian variations, drug therapy, exercise, fever, sex, IM injection, jaundice, position, pregnancy, smoking, stress, environmental factors
What is hemoconcentration? A condition in which blood components that cannot easily leave the blood stream become concentrated in the smaller plasma volume.
What is the anticoagulant in a green top tube? Heparin
What is the anticoagulant in a red top serum tube? No anticoagulant. Contains clot activator.
What is the purpose of anticoagulants placed in blood collection tubes? To prevent blood from clotting.
What is an anticoagulant? Substances that prevent blood from clotting.
How long must a nonadditive tube like a red top or SST (yellow tube) be allowed clot before centrifugation? 20-30 minutes
What is the anticoagulant in a lavender/purple top? EDTA
What is the anticoagulant in a blue top tube? Sodium Citrate
Which color tube is used for anticoagulation testing (PT/PTT)? Light blue top tube
Which color tube has a specific 9:1 ratio of blood to anticoagulant? Light blue top tube
It is extremely important to fill this color tube to the stated volume. Light blue top tube
What is the anticoagulant in a gray top tube? Oxylates
What is the medical term for fainting? Syncope
Which chamber of the heart is in the upper right side? Right atrium
Does the right atrium receive oxygenated or deoxygenated blood? Deoxygenated blood
T/F: The Tricuspid valve has two cusps? False. It has 3
Which vein should be your first choice in venipuncture? Median vein.
Which vein should be your second choice in venipunture? Cephalic vein
Which vein is your last choice in venipunture? Basilic vein
Why should the basilic vein be avoided if possible for venipuncture? The basilic vein is not as well anchored and rolls more easily. Increased possibility of of puncturing the median nerve and the brachial artery.
What is the fluid portion of the blood called? Top layer of clear liquid used for testing.
What is the cellular portion of the blood referred as ? Formed elements.
T/F. It is ok to draw from the same side as a mastectomy as long as you draw in the lower extremity. False
What is the most common and efficient system for collecting blood? Evacuated Tube System (ETS).
The needle gauge is indicated by a number that is related to the diameter of the _______________. Lumen
The higher the gauge number, the ________________ the diameter of the needle. Smaller
The lower the gauge number, the _____________________ the diameter of the needle. Larger
What gauge needle is considered the standard venipuncture needle for routine venipuncture on patients with normal veins? 21 gauge
Should a properly applied tourniquet restrict venous and arterial blood flow? No, it should be tight enough to restrict venous flow out of the area, but but not so tight as to restrict arterial flow.
What is the order of draw if blood cultures are drawn? Blood cultures, light blue top, red/sst (yellow) top, green, lavender, gray
What is the order of draw if blood cultures are not drawn? Red/SST (yellow) waste tube, light blue top, green, lavender, gray.
Why should a waste tube be drawn before a light blue top? There is a specific (9:1) anticoagulant to blood ratio. Eliminates tissue fluid from the sample.
Which tests are performed in a light blue top tubes? PT, PTT (coag testing)
How can you accidentally puncture an artery when doing venipuncture? Blind or deep probing of a vein.
In a tube that contains an anticoagulant, the liquid that separates from the cells and is used for testing is called what after centrifugation? Plasma
In a tube that does not contain an anticoagulant (is allowed to clot), what is the liquid that separates from cells and is used for testing called after centrifugation? Serum
What is hemolysis? RBCs are destroyed or damaged and hemoglobin escapes into the liquid portion of the blood.
What color is hemolyzed blood? Pinkish-red in color.
What is the inner layer of blood vessel called? Tunica intima
What is the middle layer of a blood vessel called? Tunica Media
What is the outer layer of a blood vessel called? Tunica Adventitia
Name the parts of a centrifuged/separated whole blood specimen. Plasma, buffy coat, red blood cells (RBCs). (pg. 170)
Which is the only vein that carries oxygenated blood ? Pulmonary vein
Which color tubes would you draw for test that required serum? Red top/SST (yellow/gold)
Which phase of the testing process does the phlebotomist play a role in? Preexamination/preanalytical phase
Created by: janeen73
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