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Minerology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 5 requirements for a mineral | Solid, inorganic, natural, definite chemical composition, and crystal structure |
| Are Quartz, Sulfur, and Magnetite minerals? | yes |
| Is glacier ice a mineral? | yes |
| is ice from your refrigerator a mineral? | no |
| Is a seashell a mineral? | no |
| Are bones minerals? | no |
| what is mineral cleavage? | The tendency of a mineral to split along flat, smooth surfaces |
| What is a mineral fracture? | When a mineral doesn't have cleavage; breaks along an uneven/irregular surface |
| Is granite a mineral? | no |
| What are the two main types of luster? | metallic and nonmetallic |
| What are some nonmetallic lusters? | vitreous, pearly, greasy, silky, adamantine, Resinous |
| What is luster? | The way a mineral reflects light |
| Is Quartz metallic? | no |
| Is magnetite metallic? | yes |
| Is sulfur metallic? | no |
| What is mineral streak? | The color of a mineral in powdered form |
| What do you use to test streak? | a ceramic/porcelain streak plate |
| Why isn't color a good determining factor for type of mineral? | Many minerals have the same color |
| Is pyrite metallic? | yes |
| What is the Mohs Scale? | a scale that ranks minerals from softest (1) to hardest (10) |
| Why can't diamond be tested for streak? | It is harder than streak plates and will only wear them away. |
| What is the atomic structure of a mineral like? | It should be orderly and repeating. |
| Bonus: what are the 5 common types of fracture | conchoidal, fibrous, splintery, hackly, and irregular |
| What is mineral hardness? | The ability of a mineral to resist scratching |
| What is the softest mineral? Hardest? | Talc. Diamond. |
| What are Native elements? | minerals with only one element |
| What are minerals like Diamond and Platinum? | Native/ Natural elements |
| What are carbonates? | One carbon bonded to three oxygen CO3 |
| What are Alum and Gypsum? | Sulfates |
| What are malachite and calcite? | Carbonates |
| What are Galena and Pyrite | Sulfides |
| What are Hematite and Magnetite? | Oxides |
| What are common halides | Halite and Fluorite |
| What are Oxides? | Oxygen combined with one or more metals |
| What is the largest mineral group? | Silicates |
| What are Feldspar and Quartz? | Silicates |
| What's the difference between a sulfate and a sulfide? | Sulfates are oxygen with sulfur while sulfides are metals with sulfur |
| What's a tip for identifying silicates? | anything with Si |
| What fizzes in contact with hydrochloric acid | calcite |
| What is the central region of an atom? | the nucleus |
| What is the smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element | The atom |
| What is the formula for density? | D=M/V |
| What is the atomic number? | the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons |
| What is the atomic mass? | The number of neutrons + protons |
| What is the process of mineral formation by magma? | Crystallization |
| What is the process of mineral formation in water? | Precipitation |
| Where can minerals form from high temperatures and pressure? | Deep in Earth's Crust |
| How far can humans go into Earth? | Just the crust |
| What is the most common element in Earth's Crust? (weight) | Oxygen |
| What are the 2 most abundant elements on Earth? | Oxygen and Silicon |
| What property is shared by most gemstones? | Extreme Hardness |
| What determines whether a mineral will cleave or fracture? | The internal atomic structure |
| Molten Rock beneath Earth's surface | magma |
| When molten rock reaches Earth's surface | lava |
| What is an element? | A substance that contains only one type of atom |
| Why are atoms in different elements different | Because of the number of protons |
| What are the 3 ways that minerals can form? | From dissolved substances in water, precipitating from supersaturated solutions, and crystallizing from magma/lava |
| What mineral is easily identified by its density? | Galena |
| What mineral is known for radioactivity? | Potassium Feldspar |
Created by:
Ellalight
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