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Unit 4 notecards
Notecards for UNIT 4 History Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights(UDHR)? | Created by UN. Started devel. of rights around world. Contains all rights that human has. Helps to make them reality. Gov. MUST respect rights. Otherwise, it can be held by courts to account. 30 rights in total. Countries started to agree to it in 1948. |
| What is the United Nations(UN)? | Maintain worldwide peace and security, develop relations among nations and develop cooperation between nations to solve various problems, and bring countries together. They don't use violence. Created in 1945. At first: 51 countries. Today: 193 countries. |
| What was the Indian Removal Act? | It was a law that was accepted by just one vote which forced the Native Americans in the south-eastern part of the U.S. to leave their land there and move to Oklahoma so that the U.S. could take the land over. It happened during the 1830's. |
| Who was Andrew Jackson? | Andrew Jackson=president in 1830's who signed Indian Removal Act. He lost a case against Native Americans, but did not care and kept on with Act. John Martial, head of Senate at the time, tried to stop Andrew Jackson. But Andrew Jackson did not listen. |
| What was the Trail of Tears? | The Trail of Tears is the path that the Native Americans had to take to Oklahoma during the Indian Removal Act. It is called the trail of tears because my people died along the way for various reasons. |
| What were the Japanese Interment Camps. | They were the camps that the Japanese Americans were forced to go to after the bombing of Pearl Harbor because the U.S. government thought that any Japanese could become a traitor to the U.S. and help Japan in WWII. |
| Who was Franklin Delano Roosevelt? | He was the President of The United States when the attack on Pearl Harbor happened. He declared that the US was officially part of WWII. He signed executive order 9066, which forced all Japanese Americans to move to Internment Camps. |
| What was the attack on Pearl Harbor? | Japan did a surprise attack on a naval base called Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941. It is called "A Day that will live in infamy." In 2 hrs. 2,300 Americans died and 8 battleships sunk. 2.5 hrs. later Japan declared war on the U.S. |
| What is apartheid? | Was made by National Party in South Africa. Was a series of restrictive segregationist laws. Made whites superior to blacks and made sure that blacks did not try to overthrow whites. Were 148 laws. =apartness-Afrikaans(white south africans). 1948-1994. |
| What is segregation? | The blacks were made inferior to the whites. There was a law called separate but equal. It was separate but NOT equal between the blacks and the whites. Whites had everything better than blacks. Nelson Mandela and FW de Klerk stopped it in South Africa. |
| Who was Nelson Mandela? | Was part of ANC. Was elected president in 1994 and stopped apartheid. Led nonviolent protests. Was named a terrorist by the National Party and was put in jailed at 46 and was released in 1990(27 yrs). |
| Who was F.W. de Klerk? | Was elected president in 1989 and helped to stop apartheid. Worked with Mandela. Unbanned ANC and freed Mandela from jail. Was white. |
| What was the African National Congress(ANC)? | Goal: Increase rights of Native Americans and fight apartheid. Were declared illegal by National Party. Mandela was part of the ANC. |
| What is political cartoon? | Makes you think about current events, but tries to sway your opinion toward cartoonist's/artist's point of view. Can be funny if you understand it. Include symbolism, satire, and caricatures. Does not have to be funny. Breaking it down: There are 3 steps. |
| What is prejudice? | Google: Like or dislike for one rather than another especially without good reason. Relation: The cartoons are about the cartoonist's point of view, so their point of view may be different than someone else's. Ex: Democratic and Republican news channels. |
| What is patriotism? | The quality of being patriotic(devotion to and vigorous support for one's country). One benefit is people are unified. One bad thing is someone may think that there country is better than another country. |
| What is nationalism? | Identification with one's own nation and support for its interests especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations. It can get dangerous. |
| What is the Treaty of Versailles? | Ended WWI. Made Germany responsible for entire war. Germany had only 11,000 people in army, colonies were gone, no subs, and had to pay $32B. Signed between Germany and Allied Powers in 1919. Created the League of Nations. France, UK, and U.S. benefited. |
| What was World War 1(Great War, World War, or war to end all wars)? | Between Allies and Central powers. 135 million countries and 65 million people. 1914-1918. Main cause: assassination of Arch Du Ferdinand his & wife Sophie. Plastic surgery, blood banks, & chemical weapons were invented. |
| What was The National Socialist German Workers Party? | AKA the Nazis. Far-right political party in Germany. Active in 1920-1945. Created and supported the ideology of Nazism. |
| Who was Adolf Hitler? | Came back from WWI and felt betrayed. Made many followers: Said he would build Germany back up and was good speaker. Said Jews betrayed Germany and made Germany lose WWI. Got power by stock market crash and Party made him president(big mistake). |
| What is Mein Kamf? | Hitler was imprisoned when he tried to take over the government. He was treated royally and wrote a book called Mein Kamf which said that he was going to take over the government peacefully, and he did. |
| What is a platform? | Formal set of principals or goals which are supported by a political party or individual candidate, in order to appeal to the general public, for the ultimate purpose of garnering the general public's support and votes about complicated topics or issues. |
| What was the Holocaust? | The systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. Greek word meaning: "sacrifice by fire". |
| What is genocide? | The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. |
| What is a resistance? | The refusal to accept or comply with something; the attempt to prevent something by action or argument. |
| What was a concentration camp? | A camp created to confine large numbers of prisoners(including political opponents and those deemed racially inferior) in harsh and unhealthy conditions. |
| Who is Bashar al-Assad | He got power when his dad died. Rule: autocratic. He is a dictator and people are fighting against him. He attacks his own country with barrel bombs and he uses chemical weapons against the allies that fight against him. |
| What is a Refugee? | A refugee is a person who escapes a war. It connects to the Arab Spring because a lot of people in Syria had to evacuate Syria in the war and there were many dangerous conditions like going on a boat full of people without a life jacket or not going. |
| What is a Refugee camp? | A camp that refugees build to live in when they escape a country. Connects to Arab Spring because refugees in the Arab Spring had to build a refugee camp to live in until they found a home. They did not have much because could not take much from home. |
| What are Barrel bombs? | Was a new weapon when it was first used by Bashar al-Assad. It explodes when it hits the ground and then shoots out shrapnel at killing speeds. It is dropped by Syrian government forces on the people of Syria to attack them from helicopters. |
| Holy City(Jerusalem) | Jewish rebels made their last stand against the German army at the Dead Sea base which is on a mountain top next to Jerusalem. There are 7 gates to Jerusalem. |
| Holy City(Jerusalem) continued | Contains church of holy Seplicker(Jesus was crucified and resurrected:Christians). Abraham prepared to sacrifice son(he did not), has wailing wall(last wall after Temple Mount fell:Jews). Prophet Mohammed went on journey and ascended to heaven(Muslims). |
| What is the Gaza Strip? | It is one of the 2 Palestinian lands in Israel. It is poor, mostly cut off by Israel's sea embargo and a wall that divides it from Israel and Egypt, does not have enough supplies and so it relies on UN. |
| What is the West Bank? | It is one of the 2 Palestinian lands in Israel. It borders Jerusalem. It is more or less nice to Israel. It is ruled by Abbas. |
| Who is Vladimir Putin? | A former Russian intelligence officer for KGB(Agency of USSR) and a politician who has served as president of Russia from 1999 to 2008 and from 2012 to the present. He was also the country’s prime minister in 1999 and from 2008 to 2012. |
| What is a sanction? | A strong action taken in order to make people obey a law or rule, or a punishment given when they do not obey. |
| Who is Volodymyr Zelensky? | Ukrainian actor and comedian. Elected president of Ukraine in 2019. Was new to politics but his anti-corruption platform won him widespread support. Won elections by a lot in 2019 because had solid electoral base. Born January 25, 1978 to Jewish parents. |
| What was the Soviet Union AKA the USSR? | Country in eastern Europe and northern Asia from 1922-1991 bordering Arctic and Pacific oceans and Baltic and Black seas. Capital=Moscow, area=really big.(Was largest country by area). Made of many different republics(Ex: Ukraine and Russia). |
| What was the Cold War? | US and USSR were superpowers of world. Were rivals as they sought to prevent other from gaining too much power. Period of tension between them=Cold War. Was not actual war but led to smaller wars. |
| What is NATO?(North Atlantic Treaty Organization) | Members=Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, UK, and the US. More countries joined later. |
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