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Round 4
Microbiology review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What kind of bacteria is more susceptible to inducing Osteomyelitis in SCD patients? | Encapsulated bacteria |
| What is the MC type of bacteria that causes Osteomyelitis in SCD patients? | Salmonella |
| Reason for which encapsuled bacteria causes more readily osteomyelitis in SCD patients | Due to the patient loss of splenic function |
| Is Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis due to a Measles or Rubella infection pin prior years? | Measles |
| What is a severe but rare and late complication of a person with Measles? | Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis |
| What infection is to be suspected in the early years of life of a teenager that currently has Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis? | Measles |
| What is the MCC of viral gastroenteritis in rich country children? | Norovirus |
| What are the symptoms seen in a child with a Norovirus infection? | Vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration |
| What facility of viruses does Norovirus belong? | Calciviridae |
| Which Calciviridae member is known to be the MCC of viral gastroenteritis in children from developed countries? | Norovirus |
| To which other virus does Norovirus have a similar genome composition? | Poliovirus |
| What is the genomic composition of Norovirus? | Positive-sense, single-stranded, non-segmented RNA virus |
| Is Norovirus positive or negative sense? | Positive sense |
| What are common risk factors that may lead to Infective Endocarditis? | IV drug use, dialysis, and dental procedures |
| What heart condition is suspected in an IV drug user that suddenly presents fever, dyspnea, and new-onset heart murmur? | Infective Endocarditis |
| What type of bacteria, gram positive or gram negative, would be more susceptible to a drug that attacks the outermost thick peptidoglycan cell wall? | Gram-positive bacteria |
| Why would a gram -positive bacterium such as S. aureus be more susceptible to an enzyme that hydrolysis peptidoglycan, over a gram-negative? | Due to the outermost structure is a thick peptidoglycan cell wall. |
| What area and tissue are damaged by the Influenza virus? | Tracheobronchial epithelium |
| What is a secondary consequence of Influenzae destroying the alveoli and loss of cilia? | Secondary bacterial pneumonia |
| What common condition is highly associated with Adenovirus? | Keratoconjunctivitis |
| What is the medical term for "pink eye"? | Keratoconjunctivitis |
| What is S. pyogenes? | Group A streptococcus is a B-hemolytic on blood agar, catalase-negative, and Bacitracin-sensitive |
| What is the most common cause of Epiglottitis in adults? | H. influenzae infection due to a lack of vaccination |
| What is the pathognomonic x-ray finding of epiglottitis? | Thumbprint sign and Aryepiglottic folds |
| What does the antibodies produce by the Hib vaccine attack? | Polyribosylribitol phosphate type B capsule |
| What are the CSF findings of bacterial meningitis? | 1. Elevated Opening pressure 2. Elevated Protein 3. Decrased glucose 4. Leukocytosis (Nutrophll predompantce) |
| In bacterial meningitis, which type of WBC is predominant in CSF analysis? | Neutrophils |
| What is the X-rayon finding of Croup? | Steeple sign |
| What are the common signs and symptoms of Croup? | "Barking" cough, hoarse voice, inspiratory strider and the positive "steeple sign" on x-ray |
| What virus causes Croup? | Human Parainfluenza virus, which is a single-stranded, negative-sense, linear, non-segmented RNA virus |
| Parainfluenza virus is: | Single-stranded, Negative sense, linear, and non-segmented RNA VIRS |
| How is Vulvovaginitis condition presented? | Thick, white discharge and pseudo-hyphae noted on Gram stain |
| What is the pH of normal vagina? | 3.8-4.5 |
| Which vaginal infection is commonly associated with a normal vaginal pH (3.8-4.5)? | Vulvovaginal candidiasis |
| What is seen or noted in HIV encephalopathy MRI findings? | Diffuse cerebral atrophy |
| What are the most common findings of CSF in a baby with Listeria-induced meningitis? | Leukocytosis, and often low glucose and high protein |
| Gram- (+) rod that causes meningitis in neonates with a mixed neutrophil/lymphocyte dominance on CSF? | Listeria monocytogenes |
| What is a risk factor by a mother that leads to neonatal listeria-induced meningitis? | Maternal ingestion of unpasteurized milk and soft cheeses |
| What is a common antifungal sued to treat cryptococcal meningitis? | Flucytosine |
| What is Flucytosine? | A pyrimidine antimetabolite that prevents DNA and RNA synthesis |
| What bacteria is associated with "whooping cough"? | Bordetella pertussis |
| What is the main clue, other than a "whooping cough" for infection with B. pertussis? | Post tussive vomiting |
| What are the agars sued for B pertussis to be cultured? | 1. Bordet-Gengou agar, 2. Reagan-Lowe agar |
| What bacterium is cultured in Reagan-Lowe agar? | Bordetella pertussis |
Created by:
rakomi
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