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Earth Sci Ch 9 voc
Question | Answer |
---|---|
the vibrations in the ground that result from movement along breaks in earth’s lithosphere | earthquakes |
break in earth’s lithosphere where on block moves toward, away from, or past another | fault |
energy travels as vibrations on and in earth | seismic waves |
originate where rocks first move along the fault at a location inside earth | focus |
location on earth’s surface directly above the earthquake’s focus | epicenter |
p-waves cause particles in the ground to move in a push-pull motion similar to a coiled spring | primary waves |
s-waves are slower than p-waves, they cause particles to move up and down at right angles relative to the direction the wave travels | secondary waves |
cause particles in the ground to move up and down in a rolling motion | surface waves |
measures and records ground motion and can be used to determine the distance seismic waves travel | seismometer |
graphical illustration of seismic waves | seismogram |
scientists that study earthquakes | seismologists |
- vent in earth’s crust through which melted or molten rock flows | volcano |
molten rock below earth’s surface | magma |
molten rock that erupts onto earth’s surface | lava |
volcanoes that are not associated with plate boundaries | hot spots |
common along divergent plate boundaries and oceanic hot spots | shield volcanoes |
large, steep-sided volcanoes that result from explosive eruptions of andesitic and rhyolitic lava and ash along convergent plate boundaries | composite volcanoes |
small, steep-sided volcanoes that erupt gas-rich, basaltic lavas | cinder cones |
tiny particles of pulverized volcanic rock and glass | volcanic ash |
liquid’s resistance to flow | viscosity |