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Carboxylic Acids

Reactions of Carbon Compounds

QuestionAnswer
The functional group of carboxylic acids COOH
General formula for alkane homologous series CnH2n+1COOH
Carboxylic acid end with the letters anoic acid
T or F. When naming carboxylic acid, simply count the number of ALL carbons, write the prefix and add 'anoic' to the end of the name. T
Name HCOOH methanoic acid
CH3COOH ethanoic acid
C2H5COOH propanoic acid
C3H7COOH butanoic acid
Formula of pentanoic acid C4H9COOH
Formula of hexanoic acid C5H11COOH
Where can methanoic acid be found naturally? ant venom, bee stings
Where can ethanoic acid be found? vinegar
Where can citric acid be found? citrus fruits
Where can tartaric acid be found? tamarinds
Another name for acetylsalicic acid Aspirin
State 3 properties of carboxylic acids. 1) They are polar 2) They are less volatile than their corresponding alkanes. Boiling point increases as carbon number increases. 3) They are soluble in water. Solubility decreases as number of carbon atoms increase. They are weak acids.
Salts formed by carboxylic acids end with the name anoate
Salts formed by ethanoic acid are known as ethanoates
metal + ethanoic acid --> metal ethanoate + hydrogen gas
Mg(s) + 2CH3COOH (aq) --> (CH3COO)2Mg (aq) + H2 (g)
Name (CH3COO)2Mg magnesium ethanoate
metal oxide + ethanoic acid --> metal ethanoate + water (l)
ZnO (s) + 2CH3COOH (aq) --> (CH3COO)2Zn (aq) + H2O (l)
Name (CH3COO)2Zn zinc ethanoate
metal hydroxide + ethanoic acid --> metal ethanoate + water (l)
NaOH (aq) + CH3COOH (aq) --> CH3COONa(aq) + H2O (l)
Name CH3COONa sodium ethanoate
metal carbonate + ethanoic acid --> metal ethanoate + carbon dioxide + water (l)
CaCO3 (s) + 2CH3COOH (aq) --> (CH3COO)2Ca (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
Name (CH3COO)2Ca calcium ethanoate
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