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Cgunderson
A&P Weeks 7-13
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Afferent (sensory) neuron | Neuron that carries impulses toward the central nervous system from the periphery; sensory neuron. |
Astrocyte | Star-shaped neuroglial cell; multiple functions including managing blood-brain barrier and blood flow. |
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) | Division of the nervous system that monitors and regulates subconscious (involuntary) functions. |
Axon | In a neuron, the single process that extends from the axon hillock and transmits impulses away from the cell body. |
Boyle’s law | Principle of physics that states that the pressure of a gas is proportional to its volume. |
Central nervous system (CNS) | Refers to the brain and spinal cord. |
Chemotaxis | Process by which a substance attracts cells or organ-isms into (or away from) its vicinity; for example, when inflammation mediators attract white blood cells; sometimes called positive chemotaxis |
Dalton’s law | Gas law that states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressure of each individual gas; also called law of partial pressure |
Diapedesis | Passage of any formed elements within blood through the vessel wall, as in movement of white cells into an area of injury and infection. |
Efferent (motor) neuron | Nerve cell that transmits impulses away from the central nervous system to or toward muscles or glands. |
Extrinsic factor | Substance secreted in the stomach that allows vitamin B12 to be absorbed by the body. |
Heme | Iron-containing chemical group found in hemoglobin; temporarily binds to oxygen. |
Hemoglobin (Hb) | Iron-containing protein in red blood cells; responsible for their oxygen-carrying capacity. |
Heparin | Substance obtained from the liver; inhibits blood clotting. |
Immunodeficiency | Failure of the immune system mechanisms to defend against pathogens; also called immune deficiency. |