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URIN: General
Urinary system anatomy and urination.
Question | Answer |
---|---|
homeostasis | process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment |
Urea | major waste product of protein metabolism |
Creatinine | waste product of muscle metabolism |
kidney | filters blood to remove waste products and excess water |
renal | pertaining to the kidney |
renal cortex | outer region of kidney that contains nephrons |
renal medulla | inner region of kidney that contains urine collecting tubules |
nephron | functional unit of the kidney |
glomerulus | small network of capillaries encased in the upper end of a nephron; where the filtration of blood takes place |
renal pelvis | funnel-shaped reservoir that collects the urine and passes it to the ureter |
ureters | transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder |
bladder | Elastic, hollow, muscular organ that provides temporary storage for urine. |
urethra | tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
urethral meatus | external opening of the urethra |
voiding, micturition | process of excreting urine |
nephrologist | physician who studies and treats diseases of the kidney |
urologist | physician who studies and treats diseases of the urinary tract |
anuria | absence of urine formation |
diuresis | increased output of urine |
dysuria | painful or difficult urination |
nocturnal enuresis | urinary incontinence during sleep |
nocturia | excessive urination at night |
oliguria | Decreased urine output |
polyuria | excessive urination |
urinary hesitancy | difficulty in starting a urinary stream |
urinary retention | inability to completely empty the bladder |
urinary incontinence | inability to control urination |
overflow incontinence | small amounts of urine leak from a full bladder |
stress incontinence | the inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing |
overactive bladder | occurs when the muscles of the bladder contract involuntarily even though the bladder is not actually full enough to indicate the need to urinate |