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Chemistry Unit 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cation | any atom or group of atoms with a positive charge |
| anion | any atom or group of atoms with a negative charge |
| law of definite proportions | In all samples of the same chemical compound, the elements are always combined in the same proportion by mass |
| acid | a compound that produces hydrogen ions when dissolved in water |
| base | a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water |
| law of multiple proportions | When two elements combine to form more than one compound, the different masses of one element that combine with the same mass of the element are in the ratio of small whole numbers |
| polyatomic ion | tightly bound group of atoms that behaves as a unit and carries a charge |
| monatomic ion | consists of a single atom with a positive or negative charge |
| binary compound | a compound composed of two different elements |
| The correct name for the N3- ion is the | nitride ion |
| Elements of Group 4A | do not commonly form ions |
| When is the ionic charge on the chromuim ion in the ionic compound that has the formula Cr2O3 | 3+ |
| When element when combined with chlorine would most likely form an ionic compound Lithium Carbon Phosphorus bromine | lithium |
| What is the formula for calcium hydrogen phosphate | CaHPO4 |
| A cation is any atom or group of atoms with | a positive charge |
| The cation Fe3+ is formed when | an atom of iron loses three electrons |
| A molecular formula | shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule of a compound |
| The metals in Groups 1A, 2A, and 3A | lose electrons when they form ions |
| When naming an ion of a transition metal that has more than one common ionic charge, the numerical value of the charge is indicated by a | Romal numeral following the name |
| electron dot structure | a depiction of valence electrons around the symbol of an element |
| ionic compound | compound of cations and anions |
| valence electron | an electron in the highest occupied energy level of an atom |
| ionic bond | the force of attraction binding oppositely charged ions together |
| chemical formula | shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in the smallest representative unit of a substance |
| halide ion | an anion of a halogen |
| alloy | a mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal |
| octet rule | Atoms in most compounds tend to achieve the electron configuration of a noble gas |
| formua unit | lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound |
| coordination number | the number of ions of opposite charge surrounding each ion in a crystal |
| metallic bond | the attraction of valence electrons for positive metal ions |
| How many valence electrons does an atom of any element in Group 6A have? | 6 |
| The electron dot structure for an atom of phosphorus is | P with 5 dots |
| When an aluminum atom loses its valence electrons, what is the charge on the resulting ion | 3+ |
| The electron configuration of a fluoride ion, F-, is | the same as that of the neon atom |
| Metals are good conductors of electricity because they | contain mobile valence electrons |
| In forming chemical bonds, atoms tend to attain | the electron configuration of noble gas atoms |
| An ionic compound is electrically neutral held together by ionic bonds composed of anions and cations all of the above | all of the above |
| Which of these is not a characteristic of most ionic compounds solid at room temperature has a low melting point conducts an electric current when melted produced by reaction between metallic and nonmetallic elements | has a low melting point |
| A metallic bond is a bond between | valence electrons and positively charged metal ions |
| chemical bond | the force that holds together two atoms |
| smallest whole number ratio for ions in an ionic compound | formula unit |
| caused by the attraction between closely packed cations and free-floating valence electrons | metallic bonding |
| homogenous mixture of metals | alloys |
| a solution of melted solids | alloys |
| substitutional | similar sized atoms; one type of atom will replace another type |
| interstitial | smaller atoms fit into the spaces between larger atoms |
| isoelectronic | same electron configuration goes to the same noble gas |
| what is the stronger type of alloy (substitutional or interstitial) | interstitial- fill in the spaces |
| Formula unit | lowest whole # ratio in an ionic compound |
| evidence of a chemical reaction | color change, bubbles, precipitate |
| does water become stronger when table salt is thrown in | yes, table salt dissolves, water becomes stronger |
| ionic electric current | only when molten or dissolved |
Created by:
sophiesoup13
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