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Plate Tectonics

Earth's layers and plate tectonics.

TermDefinition
Inner Core The solid layer of iron and nickel at Earth's center.
Outer Core The liquid layer of iron and nickel surrounding the inner core.
Mantle The thickest layer of Earth's interior where magma originates.
Asthenosphere The soft, fluid-like layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats.
Lithosphere The outermost part of Earth that comprises the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.
Crust The thin layer resting on top of the mantle that forms Earth's outer surface.
Silicates Minerals rich in the elements of oxygen and silicon.
Plate Tectonics A scientific theory that states that Earth’s solid, rocky lithosphere is broken into pieces called tectonic plates that slowly move on top of the asthenosphere.
Convection Current The movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers heat from one part of a fluid to another.
Divergent Boundary Occurs when two tectonic plates move away from one another creating rift valleys on land and ridges in ocean basins.
Convergent Boundary Occurs when two tectonic plates move toward each other and collide, forming volcanoes, mountains, and ocean trenches.
Transform Boundary Occurs as two tectonic plates move past each other, causing a fault and earthquake activity.
Earthquake The sudden movements in the Earth’s crust caused by the release of stress accumulated along a fault or from volcanic activity.
Fault A crack in the Earth's crust.
Ring of Fire A path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.
Pangaea The name of the single land mass that broke apart 225 million years ago and gave rise to today's continents.
Mid-ocean Ridge Undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is being produced due to a divergent boundary.
Created by: RobGelminiDMS
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