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Lesson 4.1 Atom Laws
Supporting Lesson 4.1 Concepts and Vocab ( Chem 1)
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Aristotle | Greek philosopher that thought that all matter was composed of 4 elements (water, earth, wind, fire) |
Democritus | Greek philosopher that said all matter is made of tiny particles called "atomos" or atoms that were indivisible and unchangeable |
atoms | the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element |
scientific law | a concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments that describe or predict natural phenomena |
element | substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical means. |
compound | substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements which have different properties than the individual elements that form them. |
proportion | the relationship of one thing to another, a ratio that shows the patterns between two things. |
Law of Multiple Proportions | Whenever the same two elements form more than one compound, the different masses of one element that combine with the same mass of the other element are in the ratio of small whole numbers. |
Law of Multiple Proportions Example | Carbon and Oxygen can make different compounds, In carbon dioxide (CO2) there is exactly twice as much oxygen present as there is in the carbon monoxide(CO) |
Law of Conservation of Mass | Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change |
reactants | A chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction |
products | The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction. |
conserved | saved, not lost |
Law of Conversation of Mass Example | 20 g A + 20 g B => 40 g AB |
definite | certain, specific, unchanging |
Law of Definite Proportions | a given chemical compound always contains the same elements in the exact same proportions by mass. |
Law of Definite Proportions Example | Water samples big or small always have Oxygen and Hydrogen within a 8:1 mass ratio |