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pharmacology cardio
antihypertensive Drugs
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Alpha1 adrenergic blockers | Doxasozin, Prazosin ... |
Beta1 blockers | Atenolol Metoprolol |
Non-selective Betablockers | Labetalol Carvedilol |
Centrally acting Adrenergic Drugs | Clonidine Methyldopa |
types of Calcium channel blockers | Dihydropyridines ( targets only vascular smooth muscles ) Non-Dyhidropyridines ( acts on smooth muscles and on the heart ) |
Dihydropyridine Calcium channel blockers | Amlodipine Felodipine Nicardipine Nifedipine |
Non-Dihydropiridine Calcium channel blockers | Diltiazem Verapamil |
Types of diuretics used in the treatment of hypertension | Loop ( Furosemide) ; Thiazide (Hydrocholorothyazide) ; Potassium-sparing ( triamterene , spironolactone(aldosterone antagonist)) |
Renin Antagonist | Aliskiren |
ACE inhibitors | Captopril; Enalapril ; Lisinoprile ; Ramipril ; Quinapril |
ARBs | Valsartan ; Losartan ; Candesartan |
Bosentan | endothelin 1 inhibitor (vasodilator ) |
Fenoldopam | peripherally acting dopamine ( acts on dopamine-1 receptors => vasodilation ) |
hydralazine | Hydralazine has been shown to cause direct relaxation of arteriolar smooth muscle, thereby decreasing blood pressure. The mechanism by which hydralazine acts is not completely understood, although some researchers believe that hydralazine |
Nitroglycerin | Nitroglycerin is converted to nitric oxide intracellularly, results in smooth muscle relaxation. it exerts its effects on the smooth muscle of veins, => pooling of blood in the veins and a reduction in preload. also relaxes coronary artery smooth muscle |
Sodium Nitroprusside | Vasodilator : Used in the acute management of a hypertensive crisis or in severe heart failure and cardiogenic shock. |