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Lea Ybarra

Physiology Week 1-6

QuestionAnswer
Local control or _____, intrinsic mechanisms often make use of chemical signals. feed-forward.
Which of the following is a protein substance with no DNA or RNA and is thought to be the cause of mad cow disease? Prion
The body naturally changes some set points to different values at different times of the day. These daily cycles are called circadian cycles.
Effectors can be described as organs that directly influence controlled physiological variables.
Because negative feedback control systems oppose changes that are opposite in direction to the initial disturbance, they are Correct! slowed or maintained in the homeostatic range.
Pathogenesis can be defined as: the course of disease development.
If the secretion of oxytocin during childbirth operated as a negative-feedback control loop, what effect would it have on uterine contractions? Oxytocin would inhibit uterine contractions.
Of the pathogenic organisms, which of the following are the most complex? Tapeworms
The body’s thermostat is located in the: hypothalamus.
Homeostasis can best be described as: a state of relative constancy.
The most important monosaccharide is glucose.
A very large molecule composed of subunits of sugar, a nitrogen base, and a phosphate bond is a nucleic acid.
The carbon-containing molecules formed by living things are often called organic molecules.
What term is often used to describe certain arrangements of atoms attached to the carbon core of many organic molecules? functional group
A triglyceride is composed of a glycerol molecule and three of the same type of fatty acid. True
The type of lipoprotein associated with “bad” cholesterol and the production of atherosclerotic changes in blood vessels is: LDL.
Unsaturated fats: will kink or bend because of the double bonds between the carbon atoms.
Which energy-releasing or energy-transferring molecule does not contain a nucleotide? Creatine phosphate
Humans can synthesize 13 of 21 basic amino acids; the remaining 8, which must be included in the diet, are called: essential amino acids.
The term glycoprotein, a combination of two words, tells you that the compound is made of _____, with _____ being the dominant component. carbohydrate and protein; protein.
Proteins that act as catalysts are called enzymes.
Facilitated diffusion is not an active transport process because it does not depend on cell energy.
The result of meiosis is four daughter cells that are haploid
Red blood cells are placed in an unknown solution. After 45 minutes, the cells are examined and determined to have decreased in size. The unknown solution is hypertonic.
Mitosis is subdivided into four phases, including all of the following except karyophase.
The pairing of bases of a strand of DNA is obligatory. If a strand of DNA were composed of the base sequence of ATCG, what would be the obligatory sequence of its opposing base pairs? TAGC
Diffusion of particles through a membrane by means of a carrier molecule is called: facilitated diffusion.
Two solutions of different concentrations of glucose are separated by a membrane that allows both glucose and water to pass through. When dynamic equilibrium is reached, there will be: an even exchange of material across the membrane.
A membrane carrier structure attracts a solute to a binding site, changes shape, and releases the solute on the other side of the cell membrane. This describes the process of: carrier-mediated transport.
A sequence of three bases forms a(n): codon.
Which skin layer contains closely packed, clear cells that contain a gel-like substance called eleidin? Stratum lucidum
In which skin layer does the process of keratinization begin? Stratum granulosum
Which cells of the skin are filled with a tough, fibrous protein and account for most of the epidermal cells of the skin? Keratinocytes
Smooth muscles that produce goose pimples when they contract are the _____ muscles. arrector pili
Which cells of the skin act as a type of antigen-presenting cell in the skin? Dendritic cells
Which of the following vitamins is(are) absorbed through the skin? All of the above
Which of the following is not a proteoglycan found in the matrix of connective tissue? Collagen
Which type of tissue has the greatest capacity to regenerate? Epithelial
What structure is formed by the union of the basal and reticular lamina? Basement membrane
Which is not a function of epithelial tissue? Assimilation
The type of tissue that contains cells called neurons is called: nervous.
A tissue is: a group of similar cells that perform a common function.
Mucous membranes are important because they lubricate and protect passageways. True
What is are the two types/functions of bone marrow? Red & yellow – produces red blood cells and stores energy as fat.
When an astronaut is in space for 2 months what may happen to their bone density as compared to a person living on earth? The astronaut will experience bone loss at an increased rate as a person on earth
Why is cartilage slow to heal. Both B & C
Which of the following is a location in which you would find fibrous cartilage Only C and D
Which function of the skeletal system would be especially important if you were in a car accident? protection of internal organs
The humerus articulates proximally with the scapula.
The cell organelles that synthesize organic matrix substances in bone formation are: endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus
Which structures are unique to the fetal skull and provide additional space for molding the head shape as the baby passes through the birth canal? fontanels
Which type of muscle does not have T-tubules? Smooth
Tilting the foot upward, decreasing the angle between the top of the foot and the front of the leg, is called: dorsiflexion.
Rotator cuff surgery is performed quite commonly on professional baseball players, especially pitchers. Evidently, the throwing motion places enormous stress on the: shoulder.
Stretching the foot down and back and pointing the toe is called: plantar flexion.
Created by: lybarra1127
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