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Chemistry Part 1

Chemistry, 7th Grade

DefinitonTerm
Makes up Matter Atom
Made up of one type of atom Element
Outside nucleus, Negative Charge Electrons
In nucleus, No charge Neutrons
In Nucleus, Positive charge Protons
Atoms of the same element bonded together Molecule
made up of two or more different elements that combine chemically Compounds
Made of substances that combine physically Mixture
2 type of mixtures Solutions and Suspensions
two or more substances are mixed evenly Example: Sweat- salt and water Solutions
Gas or liquid has another substance evenly spread throughout it Suspensions
Living things are made of more than 50% water Importance of Water
Needed for chemical reaction to occur Importance of Water
Used to transport materials through organisms Importance of Water
Made from elements other than carbon Inorganic Compounds
Contain carbon; associated with living or once living things Organic Compounds
Supply energy for cell processes Carbohydrates
Fats and oils; do not mix with water Lipids
Made of amino acids Proteins
Proteins are made of ______ _____. Amino Acids
True or False? Carbohydrates are easier to break down. True
True or False? Proteins are harder to break down. True
True or False? Proteins make up DNA. False
What are 2 things proteins make up? Structures(like muscle) and Enzymes
Store coded information for cells in DNA Nucleic Acids
Deoxyribonucleic acid, directs activities of the cell DNA
Movement of substances through the cell membrane without using energy Passive transport
Types of Passive Transport Diffusion and Osmosis
Movement of molecules (other than water) from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration Diffusion
Movement of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration across a cell membrane Osmosis
Type of Osmotic Solutions Isotonic, Hypertonic, and Hypotonic
Water enters and leaves at the same rate because the water concentration is equal Isotonic Solution
Greater concentration of water inside the cell so more water leaves the cell to try and reach the equilibrium Hypertonic Solution
Greater concentration of water outside the cell so more water enters the cell to trying to reach the equilibrium Hypotonic Solution
Energy is needed to move molecules across a cell membrane Active Transport
Endocytosis and Exocytosis Types of Active Transport
Part of a cell membrane forms vesicle around particle (s) and brings it into the cell. Endocytosis
A vesicle filled with particle (s) moves to the cell membrane, fuses with it and releases contents to the outside. Exocytosis
Created by: 23jrobbins
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