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Unit 4A Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Polar | Molecule with a positive or negative charge on the end. |
Nonpolar | A molecule that does not have a positive or negative end. Electrical charge is evenly distributed. |
Solute | The substance that is dissolved in a solvent. |
Solution | A mixture made up of a solvent and solute. |
Solvent | The substance that is dissolving the solute. |
Exothermic | Releases heat and energy |
Kinetic Energy | The energy of an object due to its motion. |
Solubility | The ability of a solute to dissolve. |
Endothermic | Process that absorbs heat and energy. |
Concentration | The amount of solute per unit of solution. |
Covalent Bond | Electrons are shared between atoms. |
Ionic Bond | Electrons are transferred from one atom to another, forming ions. |
Acid | Substance that releases H+ (Hydronium ions) |
Base | Substance that releases OH-(Hydroxide ions) |
Ion | Atom or Molecule with a charge |
pH Scale | Values from 0-14 indicate how acidic or basic a solution is. |
Conjugate acid | The positive ion created when a base accepts a proton. |
Conjugate base | The negative ion remaining after an acid donates a proton. |
Electronegativity | Measure of how strong an atom attracts electrons of another atom. |