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Unit 4A Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Polar Molecule with a positive or negative charge on the end.
Nonpolar A molecule that does not have a positive or negative end. Electrical charge is evenly distributed.
Solute The substance that is dissolved in a solvent.
Solution A mixture made up of a solvent and solute.
Solvent The substance that is dissolving the solute.
Exothermic Releases heat and energy
Kinetic Energy The energy of an object due to its motion.
Solubility The ability of a solute to dissolve.
Endothermic Process that absorbs heat and energy.
Concentration The amount of solute per unit of solution.
Covalent Bond Electrons are shared between atoms.
Ionic Bond Electrons are transferred from one atom to another, forming ions.
Acid Substance that releases H+ (Hydronium ions)
Base Substance that releases OH-(Hydroxide ions)
Ion Atom or Molecule with a charge
pH Scale Values from 0-14 indicate how acidic or basic a solution is.
Conjugate acid The positive ion created when a base accepts a proton.
Conjugate base The negative ion remaining after an acid donates a proton.
Electronegativity Measure of how strong an atom attracts electrons of another atom.
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