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chem unit 3

TermDefinition
aufbau principle electrons are added to orbitals as protons are added to an atom
covalent bond the interatomic linkage that results from the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms
electron affinity the potential energy change of the atom when an electron is added to a neutral gaseous atom to form a negative ion
electron orbitals describe where an electron is likely to be found in an atom. Molecular orbitals perform the same role in molecules.
hund's rule every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.
ion any atom or group of atoms that bears one or more positive or negative electrical charges
lewis dot structure A Lewis structure is a structural representation of a molecule where dots are used to show electron positions around the atoms and lines or dot pairs represent covalent bonds between atoms
metallic bond force that holds atoms together in a metallic substance
molecular bond A molecular, or covalent bond, is formed when atoms bond by sharing pairs of electrons. This sharing can occur from atom to atom, or from an atom to another molecular bond
octet rule refers to the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell. When atoms have fewer than eight electrons, they tend to react and form more stable compounds
oxidation number also called oxidation state, the total number of electrons that an atom either gains or loses in order to form a chemical bond with another atom.
pauliexclusion principle The Pauli exclusion principle says that no two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers, no two electrons can be in the same state. Each value of n corresponds to a shell, and each value of l corresponds to a subshell.
VSEPR theory the acronym for Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory. VESPR is a model used to predict the geometry of molecules based on minimizing the electrostatic repulsion of a molecule's valence electrons around a central atom.
Created by: ml347986
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