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Hypertension

Drug Class

QuestionAnswer
Thiazide Diuretics Chlorothiazide (Duril) Chlorthalidone Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)
Chlorothiazide (Duril) Chlorthalidone Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) Route Oral, Reduces fluid in the body making it easier for the heart to pump, and lowering blood pressure.
Thiazide Diuretics Chlorothiazide (Duril) Chlorthalidone Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) Can cause electrolyte imblance( K+ Imbalance) Monitor blood pressure and fluid intake/urine output Administration in the morning reduces elimination needs during the night
Potassium sparing diuretics eplerenone (Inspra) spironolactone (Aldactone) triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide also called triamtere HCTZ
spironolactone (Aldactone) eplerenone (Inspra) triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide also called triamtere HCTZ Can cause electrolyte imblance( K+ Imbalance) Monitor blood pressure and fluid intake/urine output Administration in the morning reduces elimination needs during the night
spironolactone (Aldactone) eplerenone (Inspra) triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide also called triamtere HCTZ Route Oral, Reduces fluid in the body making it easier for the heart to pump, and lowering blood pressure.
Calcium channel blockers amlopidine (Norvasc) nifedipine ER (Adalat CC) Nicardipine (Cardene)
amlopidine (Norvasc) nifedipine ER (Adalat CC) Nicardipine (Cardene) Oral, and IV solutions in Emergency situations Relaxes the heart and blood vessels, lowering blood pressure
amlopidine (Norvasc) nifedipine ER (Adalat CC) Nicardipine (Cardene) Can cause swelling flushing headache rapid heart rate heart palpatations and over growth of gum tissue around the teeth. Monitor BP, heart rate and swelling Grapefruit juice intereferes with many calcium blockers. Do not drink grapefruit juice
Ace Inhibitors benazepril (Lotensina) captopril enalapril ( Vasotec) lisinopril (Prinivil) ramipril (Altace
benazepril (Lotensina) captopril enalapril ( Vasotec) lisinopril (Prinivil) ramipril (Altace Oral, Blocks the formation of a chemical that raises blood pressure
benazepril (Lotensina) captopril enalapril ( Vasotec) lisinopril (Prinivil) ramipril (Altace Can cause high K+ levels, which may change heart rhythm Cause dry cough, low BP and kidney injury Angiodema(swelling of the lips and tongue) is a potential life threatning side effect
Angiotension receptor blockers (ARBs) irbesartan (Avapro) losartan (Cozaar) olmesartan (Benicar) valsartan (Diovan)
irbesartan (Avapro) losartan (Cozaar) olmesartan (Benicar) valsartan (Diovan) Oral, Blocks the action of a chemical that raises blood pressure
irbesartan (Avapro) losartan (Cozaar) olmesartan (Benicar) valsartan (Diovan) Side effects similar to ACE inhibitors, but ARBS less likely to cause cough or angiodema, Can cause high K+ levels, which may change heart rhythm, low BP and kidney injury
Beta Blockers atenolol (tenormin) metoprolol tartrate (Lopressor) metoprolol succinate ER (Toprol XR) nebivolol (Bystolic) Propranolol ( Inderal XL) carvedilol (Coreg) Labetalol
atenolol (tenormin) metoprolol tartrate (Lopressor) metoprolol succinate ER (Toprol XR) nebivolol (Bystolic) Propranolol ( Inderal XL) carvedilol (Coreg) Labetalol Can cause dizziness,fatigue. Monitor BP and Heart rate Carvedilol should be taken with food to prevent orthostatic hypotension (BP drop when standing up)
atenolol (tenormin) metoprolol tartrate (Lopressor) metoprolol succinate ER (Toprol XR) nebivolol (Bystolic) Propranolol ( Inderal XL) carvedilol (Coreg) Labetalol Oral, Blocks chemicals that raise BP
Direct Vasodilators hydralazine minoxidil
hydralazine minoxidil Oral, Transdermal (clonidine) Dilates (widens) the veins, decreasing blood pressure
hydralazine minoxidil Can cause headaches hyoptension (hydralazine) fluid retention (minoxidil) suddenly Stopping these meds can cause BP to rise Monitor for change in mental status
Centrally acting vasodilators ( alpha-2 adrenergic agonists) clonidine (Catapres) guanfacine IR (tenex)
clonidine (Catapres) guanfacine IR (tenex) Oral, Transdermal (clonidine) Dilates (widens) the veins, decreasing blood pressure
clonidine (Catapres) guanfacine IR (tenex) cause headache can cause dry mouthm drowsiness, constipationm hypotension and low heart rate Clonidine patch may be used for clients who cannot swallow suddenly stopping these medications may cause BP to rise Monitor for change in mental status
Created by: Rosayg26
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