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PT1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Define Kinetic Energy & Formula | the energy an object possesses at a moving velocity KE=1/2MV^2 |
Why is early small airway disease often difficult to detect? | Small airways contribute a significantly smaller resistance than larger airways. |
What is the essential prerequisite for a fluid to flow? | pressure gradient |
Describe the Bernoulli principle | inverse relationship between LWP and velocity for an incompressible fluid flowing through a tube in laminar or streamline fashion. |
Define viscosity | a fluids resistance to deformity |
Describe the law of continuity | Based on the law of matter and describes the inverse relationship between the cross sectional area of a tube and the fluid flowing through the tube and the velocity as the fluid remains constant |
Write Poiseuille's law | The relationship shows the resistance factors: flow= AP(3.14)R^4/8nL AP=change in pressure 3.14=constant pi r=radius to the 4th power 8=constant n=viscosity of the liquid L=liters |
If all other factors in Poiseuille's law remained constant except radius and airway resistance, what would be the effect if the radius is doubled? | the airway resistance is decreased by 16 fold |
Calculate the total flow from an entrainment mask given the FiO2 of 40% and a flowmeter setting of 8L/min | 3.2 (but you must show your work) |
What is the rationale for helium-oxygen therapy in patients with airway obstruction? | Heli-ox is 6 times less dense than room air. So, the LWP is increased and WOB is decreased |
On a separate sheet of paper draw a diagram of an entrainment system depicting the venturi principle | see page 363 in the book |
Calculate Raw given the following information: (include all three steps, and correct units) change in pressure =4cm H2O Flow=2 liters/sec | ------------- |
BONUS**** What is the value for normal Raw (airway resistance)? Include the correct units. | 0.6-2.4cm H2O/L/sec |
BONUS**** Calculate the PAO2 given the following information: Pb=747 mmHg, PaCO2=58mmHg, FiO2=21% (include the correct units) | --------------- |
Define Power | The rate at which work is done p=w/t |