Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Surg Lectures
Surgery
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 designated operating room ‘areas’ | restricted area, semi-restricted, & free |
| Principles of Aseptic Technique I | Surfaces contact: (Sterile: sterile, Unsterile: unsterile); sterile never w/unsterile; permeated sterile barrier is unsterile; edges of sterile container are unsterile once open |
| Principles of Aseptic Technique II (gowns) | gowns sterile in front (shoulder to table level); sleeves sterile from 2 in. above elbow to cuff |
| Mayo tray versus back table | Mayo: used in scrub prep & initial incision; back table: |
| surgical scrub: timed method | 2-1/2 min each hand; wrist to fingertips; 1/2 min wrist; 1 min on hand; 1/2 min on fingers; 1/2 min on fingertips |
| surgical scrub: counted stroke method | nails: 30 strokes (rinse after 10 strokes to remove dislodged dirt); all sides of each finger(s) & web spaces: 30 strokes each; palm & dorsum of hand: 20 strokes each; all surfaces of arm: wrist to 2 in. above elbow: 20 strokes each |
| Betadine Scrub | soap solution of iodophor used first to remove dirt and oils, diluted with sterile saline. Used cautiously in patients allergic to seafood or IV dyes(iodine). |
| Alcohol (as scrub soln) | removes soap, not to be used on open wounds |
| Betadine Solution (Providone Iodine) | iodine complex, should not be wiped off because off cidal activity. Use cautiously with patients allergic to seafood, IV dyes. |
| Iodine 2% (scrub) | -can cause skin irritations and burns, must be rinsed with alcohol after it is applied. Contraindicated in iodine-allergic patients. Used infrequently in neuro. |
| Chlohexidine (Hibiclens) (scrub) | prevents staining. Substitute for iodine allergic patients. Can not be used on eyes and ears. |
| Benzalkonium Chloride (Zephiran) (scrub) | available in single use bottles; usually for the face. Nonstaining. |
| 2 solutions for surgical hand scrub | Chlorhexidine gluconate or povidone idodine solutions (rapid-acting, broad-spectrum antimicrobials) |
| Part of gown that is sterile | in front, from shoulder to waist level, and the sleeves to 2 inches above the elbow |
| Types of drapes | towels, sheets, split sheets, fenestrated sheets, stockinette, and plastic incision drapes |
| Intrinsic factors that may increase the risk of infection | Malnutrition; Age; Obesity; Chronic dz; Remote focus of infection; Impaired Defense Mechanisms (eg, on steroids / immunosuppressants); Stress |
| Extrinsic factors that may increase the risk of infection | Duration of Preop hospn; Types of Ops (esp GI / GU); Duration of Procedure; Op Technique; Wound Site; catheters / drains; Abx use; Breakdown of isolation techniques |
| Wound Sites that are more infxn resistant b/c of vascularity | Chest, face, scalp |
| Wound Sites that are more infxn susceptible b/c of amount of fat tissue | Abdomen, thighs, calves, buttocks |
| Most common cause of wound infections in a surgical pt = | Acute bacterial infections |
| 2 most common pathogens | Gram Neg bacteria and Staph aureus |
| Define wound classification: Clean | no inflammation; no break in technique; GI, GU, and respiratory tracts not entered; Expected Rate of Infection: 1-3% |
| Define wound classification: Clean-contaminated | no inflammation or infection; GI, GU, respiratory tracts entered under controlled conditions (no heavy spillage or unusual contamination); Expected Rate: 8-11% |
| Define wound classification: Contaminated | acute non-purulent inflammation, gross spillage or contamination from GI, GU tracts; open fresh trauma wounds less than 4 hours old; Expected Rate: 15-20% |
| Define wound classification: Dirty and Infected | existing clinical infection; abscesses; organisms present prior to surgery |
| Name 4 sources of wound contam | People (major source): skin / hair (staph) / Nasopharynx; Fomites; Air (dust); Human Errors (breaks in sterile technique) |
| Methods used to control infections: | Barriers; Good Housekeeping Techniques; Isolation; Abx tx; UV Radiation |
| Factors Determining Type of Position | Type of Anesthetic; Pain; Site of Operation; Age and size of patient |
| Safety considerations in pt positioning | Maintain good resp fn; good circulation; Prevent pressure on mx, nerves, bony prominences; Good exposure of op field; access for admin of anesthetics |
| Positioning Accessories | Armboards; Pillows; Sandbags; Body rolls; Stirrups, canvas straps; Foot board; Shoulder braces; Kidney rest or braces; Tape (pref non-allergenic); Head rests; Blankets and towels |
| Abd incision: Right Subcostal | gallbladder, biliary system |
| Abd incision: Left Subcostal | spleen |
| Abd incision: Median Upper Abdominal | stomach, duodenum, pancreas |
| Abd incision: Right Upper Paramedian | stomach, duodenum, pancreas |
| Abd incision: Left Lower Paramedian | pelvic structures, colon |
Created by:
Abarnard
Popular Medical sets