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Flora Dunia

Geografi kelas XI bagian 1

TermDefinition
Bioma Daerah luas di bumi dengan kondisi yang serupa seperti iklim dan makhluk hidup
Ciri khas bioma Adanya dominasi jenis tumbuhan tertentu yang dipengaruhi oleh kondisi iklim di sekitarnya
Ciri bioma gurun -Curah hujan sangat rendah -Intensitas cahaya matahari tinggi -Evaporasi lebih tinggi dari curah hujan, jadi airnya asin
Wilayah dengan bioma gurun Gurun Sahara, Gurun Arab, Gurun Gobi
Ciri flora pada bioma gurun -Daun kecil seperti duri (beradaptasi dengan mengurangi penguapan) -Akar panjang
Contoh flora pada bioma gurun Kaktus, semak akasia, pohon kurma
Ciri bioma stepa -Curah hujan tak teratur -Di padang rumput tak daat menyimpan air karena porositas tanah rendah -Pohon yang khas
Wilayah bioma stepa Afrika, Amerika Selatan, Amerika Serikat, Argentina, Australia
Ciri bioma sabana -Padang rumput yang dikelilingin pohon ang tumbuh menyebar -Pohonnya sejenis palem dan akasia -Terbentuk di daerah tropika dan sub tropika -Porositas tinggi
Wilayah bioma sabana Afrika, Amerika Selatan, AmerikaSerikat bagian barat, Argentina, Australia
Ciri bioma hutan basah -Sepanjang tahun dapet sinar matahari dan curah hujan yang cukup, kelembapan tinggi jadi memungkinkan tanaman tumbuh -Daun pohon lebar, lebat, dan selalu hijau (kanopi) -Heterogen
Wilayah bioma hutan basah Amerika Selatan, Amerika Tengah, Amerika Utara, Indonesia, Malaysia
Ciri bioma hutan gugur -Curah hujan merata sepanjang tahum -Pohon ga terlalu rapat dan tumbuhannya dikit -Empat musim -Pohon tinggi dan daun tak terlalu lebar
Wilayah bioma hutan gugur Wilayah beriklim sedang: Benua Amerika, Kepulaua Inggris, Australia
Ciri bioma taiga -Bioma terlaus -Tumbuhan daun jarum dan berlapis lilin (musim dingin panjang) -Musim dingin cukup panjang -Musim dingin air jadi es sampe 2 m di bwh perm. tanah
Wilayah bioma taiga Rusia bagian utara, Canada
Flora bioma taiga Jenis konifer: pohon alder, sprucem birch, juniper (daun jarum, tahan kekeringan)
Ciri bioma tundra -Ga ada pohon kecuali lumut -Musim dingin panjang dan gelap, musim panas terang dan panjang
Wilayah bioma tundra Lingkaran Arktik dan pulau-pulau keci di Antarktika
Flora bioma tundra Lumut, rumput, semak
Yang tak ada di Indonesia -Tundra -Taiga -Gugur -Gurun
Created by: Qosmixx
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