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Anatomy & Physiology
Respiratory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What happens when blood levels of carbon dioxide rise? | The rate and depth of breathing increase |
| What prevents food from entering the airway during swallowing? | Epiglottis |
| What is an acute type of bacterial pneumonia caused by bacteria found in air conditioning systems? | Legionnaire's disease |
| What does not occur when air enters the lungs? | The diaphragm relaxes |
| What is a chronic condition that damages the alveoli in the lungs due to stretching of the spaces between the alveoli and paralyzes the cilia? | Emphysema |
| What can normally cause an increased respiratory rate and depth? | Increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood |
| What is the amount of air that remains in the lungs at all times called? | Residual volume (RV) |
| What is caused by a virus and lasts 5-10 days? | Influenza |
| What are tiny air sacs surrounded but capillaries where gas exchange occurs? | Alveoli |
| What disorder is airflow to the lung limited and do the alveoli become enlarged? | COPD |
| What is a relatively new respiratory disease caused by a virus that is very contagious and sometimes fatal? | SARS |
| What occurs when air leaves the lungs? | The diaphragm relaxes |
| What condition does inflammation cause an obstruction in the tubes of the bronchial tree? | Asthma |
| What is the total amount of air that the lungs can hold? | Total lung capacity (TLC) |
| What is the amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during a normal breath? | Tidal volume (TV) |
| What is the total amount of air that cane be forcefully exhaled after the deepest inhalation possible? | Vital capacity (VC) |
| What is made of bones and cartilage? | Nose |
| What contains the bronchial trees and alveoli? | Lungs |
| When positioning a baby on its back for sleep it can decreased the chance of what? | SIDS |
| What is the function of cilia? | Tiny hair-like structures in the airways that push mucus toward the pharynx |
| What is not caused by cigarette smoking? | Pleuritis |
| What is a muscle that contracts and relaxes to control the amount of space in the thoracic cavity? | Diaphragm |
| What is caused by smoking or by exposure to radon, asbestos, or industrial carcinogens? | Lung cancer |
| What is the part of the respiratory tree to which the alveoli are attached? | Bronchioles |
| What lines the nasal cavity and helps remove pathogens? | Cilia |
| What is a blockage in an artery in the lungs and is frequently the result of immobility? | Pulmonary embolism |
| What may occur when heart function declines and fluid spaces of the lungs? | Pulmonary edema |
| What is a collection of air in the chest around the lungs, which may cause atelectasis? | Pneumothorax |
| What is a passage which air flows to the pharynx? | Nasal cavity |
| What extends from the larynx to the bronchi? | Trachea |
| What structure has the function of sound production? | Larynx |
| Three structures extend from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity is called? | Nasal conchae |
| What are air-filled spaces within the skull bones that open into the nasal cavity? | Paranasal sinuses |
| What is located at the junction of the nasal cavity and pharynx? | Nasopharynx |
| What is in the area at the junction of the mouth and pharynx? | Oropharynx |
| What is in the are that contains the larynx or "voice box?" | Laryngopha |
| What is in the opening between the vocal cords? | Glottis |
| What is considered the "working tissue" of the lung? | Aveoli |
| Which lung is larger then the other? | Right lung |
| How many lobes makes both lungs? | 5 |
| What is the double-walled membrane that surrounds the lungs? | Pleura |
| What is in between the parietal and visceral pleura? | Pleural fluid |
| What helps maintain the inflation of the alveoli so that they do not collapse? | Surfactant |
| What does premature infants often suffer from because their lungs do not yet create enough surfactant? | Respiratory distress syndrome |
| Breathing or pulmonary ventilation consists of what two events? | Inspiration & expiration |
| What is hyperventilation? | Breathing rapidly and deeply |
| What is air forced through the larynx, vibrating the vocal cords? | Speaking |
| What is a deep inspiration that increases the amount of air brought to the alveoli aids in blood oxygenation? | Yawning |
| What causes a clearing of the upper respiratory passages? | Coughing and sneezing |
| What occurs when the muscles of the palate, tongue, and throat relax? | Snoring |
| What is hemoglobin bound to oxygen? | Oxyhemoglobin |
| What is a blood protein that contains carbon and oxygen? | Carboxyhemoglobin |
| What is a hypersensitivity reaction to various airborne allergens? | Allergic Rhinitis |
| What is a condition in which the tubes of the bronchial trees become obstructed as a result of inflammation? | Asthma |
| What is inflammation of the bronchi and often follows a cold? | Bronchitis |
| What is an acute inflammation of the larynx? | Laryngitis |
| What is buildup of the fluid between the pleura layers? | Pleural effusion |
| What is an inflammation that causes the two layers of the pleura to rub painfully against each other? | Pleuritis |
| What is a lung disease that results from years of exposure to different environmental or occupational types of dust? | Pneumoconiosis |
| What are the three types of pneumoconiosis? | Anthracosis, asbestosis, & silicosis |
| What is an inflammation of the lungs caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infection? | Pneumonia |
| What is an inflammation of the membranes lining the sinuses of the skull? | Sinusitis |
| What kills more than 2 million people worldwide each year? | Turberculosis |
| What is a disease that primarily affect the lungs but it can spread to other parts of the body? | TB |
| What is the term for a common cold? | Upper respiratory infection |
| What is the volume that can be inhaled during forced breathing in addition to resting tidal volume? | Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) |
| What is the volume that can be exhaled during forced breathing in addition to resting tidal volume? | Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) |
| What is IRV + TV = | IC (Inspiratory capacity) |
| What is RV + ERV = | FRC (Functional residual capacity) |
| What is RV + VC = | TLC (Total lung capacity) |
| What is the amount of air exhaled with force after inhaling as deeply as possible? | Forced vital capacity (FVC) |
| What is the greatest rate of flow during forced exhalation? | Peak expiratory flow (PEF) |
| What is a colorless, odorless gas and poisonous to humans? | Carbon monoxide |
| The respiratory center is located where in the brain? | In the pons and medulla oblongata |
| What does the medulla oblongata control? | The rhythm and depth of breathing |
| What does the pons control? | The rate of breathing |
Created by:
brcharity-becoat
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