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Urinary Tract
Urinary Tract and the Bladder drugs
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Antiinfectives drugs | Fosfomycin (Monurol) Nitrofurantoin (Furadantin) Trimethoprim (Primsol) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Ofloxacin (Floxin) Levofloxacin (Levaquin) |
| Antiinfectives drugs | Cefixine (Suprax) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) Methenamine (Hiprex) Methylene blue (Urolene Blue) |
| Antiinfectives Actions | Act specifically within the urinary tract to destroy bacteria They act either through direct antibiotic effect or through acidification |
| Antiinfectives Indications | Chronic UTI Adjunctive therapy in acute cystitis and pyelonephritis Prophylaxis with urinary tract anatomical abnormalities and residual urine disorders |
| Antiinfectives Pharmacokinetics | Vary with each drug |
| Antiinfectives Contraindications | Allergy |
| Antiinfectives Caution | Renal dysfunction Pregnancy and lactation |
| Antiinfectives Adverse Effects | Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, bladder irritation, and dysuria Pruitus, urticaria, headache, dizziness, nervousness, and confusion |
| Antiinfectives Drug-Drug Interactions | Vary with each agent |
| Urinary Tract Antispasmodics Drugs | Flavoxate (generic) Oxybutynin (Ditropan XL) Tolterodine (Detrol) Fesoterodine (Toviaz) Darifenacin (Enablex) Solifenacin (VESIcare) Trospium (Sanctura) Mirabegron (Myrbetriq) |
| Urinary Tract Antispasmodics Actions | Block the spasms of urinary tract muscles Blocking parasympathetic activity Relaxing the detrusor and other urinary tract muscles |
| Urinary Tract Antispasmodics Indications | Bladder spasm and dysuria |
| Urinary Tract Antispasmodics Pharmacokinetics | Rapidly absorbed, widely distributes Metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine |
| Urinary Tract Antispasmodics Contraindications | Allergy Pyloric or duodenal obstruction Recent surgery Obstructive urinary tract problems Glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, or acute hemorrhage |
| Urinary Tract Antispasmodics Caution | Renal or hepatic dysfunction Pregnancy and lactation |
| Urinary Tract Antispasmodics Adverse Effects | Related to blocking of the parasympathetic system |
| Urinary Tract Antispasmodics Drug-Drug Interactions | Phenothiazines Haloperidol |
| Urinary Tract Analgesia Drugs | Phenazopyridine (Azo-Standard, Baridium, and others) is a dye that is used to relieve urinary tract pain |
| Urinary Tract Analgesia Actions | When phenazopyridine is excreted in urine, it exerts a direct topical analgesic effect on the urinary mucosa |
| Urinary Tract Analgesia Indications | Relieve symptoms related to urinary tract irritation from infection, trauma, or surgery |
| Urinary Tract Analgesia Pharmacokinetics | Rapidly absorbed and has a very rapid onset of action Widely distributed Metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine |
| Urinary Tract Analgesia Contraindications | Allergy and renal dysfunction |
| Urinary Tract Analgesia Caution | Pregnancy and lactation |
| Urinary Tract Analgesia Adverse Effects | GI upset, headache, rash, reddish-orange coloring of the urine and staining of contact lenses Renal and hepatic toxicity |
| Urinary Tract Analgesia Drug-Drug Interactions | Antibacterial agents |
| Bladder Protectant Drugs | Pentosan polysulfate sodium (Elmiron) |
| Bladder Protectant Actions | Heparin-like compound that has anticoagulant and fibrinolytic effects |
| Bladder Protectant Actions continued | Adheres to the bladder wall mucosal membranes and acts as a buffer to control cell permeability, preventing irritating solutes in the urine from reaching the bladder wall cells |
| Bladder Protectant Indications | Interstitial cystitis |
| Bladder Protectant Pharmacokinetics | Very little of the drug is absorbed Metabolized in the liver and spleen, and excreted in the urine |
| Bladder Protectant Contraindications | Conditions that involve a risk of bleeding Heparin induced thrombocytopenia |
| Bladder Protectant Caution | Hepatic or splenic dysfunction Pregnancy or lactation |
| Bladder Protectant Adverse Effects | Bleeding that may progress to hemorrhage Headache, alopecia, GI disturbances |
| Bladder Protectant Drug-Drug Interactions | Anticoagulants, aspirin, or NSAIDs |
| Drugs for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Actions | Enlargement of gland surrounding the urethra leads to discomfort, difficulty in initiating a stream of urine, feelings of bloating, + increased incidence of cystitis. 2 classes of drugs assist in decreasing these symptoms Actions vary depending on drug |
| Drugs for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Drugs | Alpha-adrenergic blockers- doxazosin (Cardura), tamsulosin (Flomax), alfuzosin (Uroxatral), silodosin (Rapaflo), and terazosin (generic) |
| Drugs for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Drugs | Drugs that block testosterone production- finasteride (Proscar) and dutasteride (Avodart) |
| Drugs for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Indications | Treats benign prostatic hypertrophy |
| Drugs for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Pharmacokinetics | Varies with drug |
| Drugs for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Contraindications | Allergy |
| Drugs for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Cautions | Hepatic or renal dysfunction |
| Drugs for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Adverse Effects | Varies with drug Headache, fatigue, dizziness, postural dizziness, lethargy, tachycardia, hypotension, GI upset Decreased libido, impotence, and sexual dysfunction |
| Drugs for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Drug-Drug Interactions | Other antihypertensives, nitrates, erectile dysfunction drugs Saw palmetto |
Created by:
garmijos
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