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Ratios & Proportions

Math 7 and Math 7/8

TermDefinition
Congruent same measure
Circle A set of points equidistant from a given point called the center.
Pi The ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. Always = 3.14 or 22/7
Center The given point in which all points are equidistant from.
Radius The distance from the center to any point on the circle.
Diameter The distance across the circle through the center. The diameter is twice the radius
Circumference The distance around the circle.
Area The amount of space occupied by a two-dimensional figure.
Perimeter The sum of the side measure around a two-dimensional figure.
Ratio A comparison of two values.
Numerator Top number in a fraction.
Denominator Bottom number in a fraction.
GCF Greatest Common Factor. Used to simplify fractions. Divide both the numerator and the denominator by this number.
Rates A ________ that compares two different quantities. Example 60 miles : 3 gallons
Unit Rates A ________ is a rate with a denominator of 1. To change a rate to a________, divide the numberator by the denominator. Use "/" is read as "per"
Unit Rates w/price This give the cost per 1 unit. This is expecially helpful when comparison shopping in order to find the best deal. When finding a unit price, always divide the price by the quantity.
Proportional Relationships If the ratios or rates of two quantities are equal then the quantities are _________________.
Nonproportional Relationships If the ratios or rates of two quantities are NOT equal then the quantities are _________________.
Proportions A _________________ is an equation that states that two ratios are equal. a/b = c/d Use the cross products to see if this is true ad=bc
Scale Drawings & Models is used to represent an object that is too big or too small to be shown in its actual size. The dimensions of the object on the scale drawing or model are proportional to the dimensions of the actual object.
Scale is the ratio of the size of the model to its actual size. Model/Actual and can have the same units or different units. You can use this to find a missing measure on the model or the actual object. Simply set up and solve a proportion.
Similar Figures Have the same shape but a different size. Congruent angles and proportionate sides.
Scale factor The ratio of corresponding sides in similar figures.
Indirect Measurement uses the properties of similar triangles to find the measurements that are difficult to measure directly. One type involves shadows. Height/shadow
Percent Proportion uses equivalent percents written as a fraction over 100 and using parts / whole = % / 100
Percent Equation is another way to find a part of a whole quantity by multiplying the whole by the percent written as a decimal. (whole*%=Part)
Percent to Decimal To convert a _____________ to ____________, divide the percent by 100 or move the decimal to the left two places.
Decimal to Percent To convert a _____________ to ____________, multiply the decimal by 100 or move the decimal to the right two places. Then place the % sign at the end.
Discounts are subtracted from the original price.
Markup are added to the original price.
Sales Tax or Tip is a percentage added to the selling price.
Commission is a percentage paid or earned for services.
Percent of Change is the ratio of the amount of change to the original amount. ____________ = Amount of change/original amount
Percent Increase When the original amount goes up. This is a type of Percent of Change.
Percent decrease When the original amount goes down. This is a type of Percent of Change.
Simple Interest Formula I = prt; I = Amount of interest, p= Principle investment, r= Rate (decimal), t= Time (years)
Coordinate Plane Formed by the intersection of a horizontal number line & a vertical number line; Used for graphing
X-Axis The horizontal number line
Y-Axis The vertical number line
Origin The point at which the x-axis & y-axis intersect
Quadrants The four regions created by the intersection of the x-axis & y-axis.
Created by: hcarew
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