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CP12F
GCSE Combined Science Physics
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What does the kinetic theory state? | Every thing is made of tiny particles. |
What are the 3 states of matter of water? | "ice, water and water vapour |
" " Describe how particles move in a solid? | " They vibrate in fixed bonds. |
What is the change of state when a gas turns into a liquid? | Condensing |
What is sublimation ? | " Solid turns straight into a gas without becoming a liquid. |
" Why is mass conserved during a change of state? | Number of particals stays the same. |
What is the equation for density? | Density = Mass/Volume |
A 200kg block of aluminium has a volume of 0.074 m3. What is its density? | Density = Mass/Volume = 200Kg/0.074m3 = 2700Kg/m3 |
The density of copper is 8960kg/m3 , what volume would a 2000kg mass occupy? | "Volume = mass/density =2000kg/8960kg/m3 =0.223 m3 |
" What is the density of water in g/cm3 and kg/m3? | "1g/cm3 and 1000kg/m3 |
" "How is energy stored as thermal energy? | " "It is stored by the movement of particles that make up the substance |
" What happens to the particles as a solid substance stores more thermal energy? | "Its particles will vibrate more in the bonds |
" "Do two different objects have to be at the same temperature to store the same amount of energy? | " "No, the temperature is related to the average Kinetic energy of the particles, some objects may have more particles so have a greater store of energy for the same temperature. |
" What happens to liquids and gases as they store more thermal energy? | The speedsof the particals increase. |
How do we stop an object transferring its energy to the surroundings? | We insulate it. |
What are the 3 factors that affect the thermal stored energy in a substance? | Mass, temperature and the material it is made from |
What is the specific heat capacity of a material ? | " This is the amount of energy it takes to increase the temperature of 1 kilogram of the substance by 1OC |
" What is the change of state called when a liquid turns into a gas? | Evaporation |
What is the specific latent heat? | "The amount of heat that it takes to change the state of 1 kilogram of material |
" What is the change of state when a liquid turns into a solid? | Freezing |
What happens to the temperature of a substance during a change of state? | It does not change. |
The amount of energy it takes to make 1kg of substance to change state is called? | Specific latent heat |
What is happening to the heat energy added to the substance during melting and evaporation? | " It is being used to break bonds. |
" What happens the speed of atoms or molecules in substance when its temperature decreases? | They move slower. |
When a substance freezes, it has energy being removed from it. Why doesn’t its temperature change during freezing? | "The energy being removed is released from making bonds rather than making the atoms move slower. |
" What is the equation in words for calculating how much energy is needed to raise the temperature of a substance? | "Change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature rise. |
" What is no.7 equation in symbols? | "∆Q = m x c x ∆θ |
" What is the equation in words for calculating how much energy is need to change the state of a substance? | "Thermal energy needed to change state = mass x specific latent heat. |
" What is the equation in no.9 in symbols? | ∆Q = m x L |
.Describe the movement of particles in a gas? | " The gas particles are far apart and move round quickly |
" What is the temperature of a gas a measure of? | "The average kinetic energy of the particles in the gas. |
" What is the pressure of a gas due to? | " It is caused the forces on the walls of the container caused by the moving particles hitting the walls. |
" . What happens to the pressure of a gas on the walls of a container if the gas is heated? | The pressure increases. |
. When a gas is heated what happens to the speed of the particles? | The speed increases. |
When the speed of the particles increase, how does this affect the force with which they hit the walls of the container? | The force increases. |
When the speed of the particles increases how does this affect the frequency at which they collide with the walls of the container? | The frequency increases. |
What is absolute zero? | The temperature at which the pressure of a gas would be zero. |
What is absolute zero in Celsius ? | -273oC |
How do you convert from Celsius to Kelvin? | Add 273 |
State the equation which links density, mass and volume | ρ=m/v |
Name the change of state when a liquid becomes a solid | freezing |
Name the change of state when a solid becomes a liquid | melting |
Name the change of state when a liquid becomes a gas | evaporation |
Name the change of state when a gas becomes a liquid | condensation |
Name the change of state when a solid becomes a gas (without passing through liquid form) | sublimation |
Changes of state are caused by the amount of _________ a substance has | energy |
State changes are examples of ___________ change | physical |
Physical changes are ones which can be _____________ | reversed |
A change which creates new products and cannot be reversed is _________ change | chemical |
The energy stored inside a system by the particles which make it up is known as ____________ energy | internal |
What is internal energy? | The total kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles in a system |
Energy stored within moving objects is __________ | kinetic |
Energy stored in particles because of their position is…? | potential energy |
Particles wich are further apart have _________ potential energy | more |
The energy needed to raise the temperature 1 kg of a material by 1ᵒC is the __________ | specific heat capacity |
The average kinetic energy of particles is known as the ___________ | temperature |
The amount of energy required to change the state of one kilogram of a substance with no change in temperature is the …? | specific latent heat |
How much mass a substance contains compared to it's volume is… | density |
Latent heat of fusion is for changing…? | solid to liquid |
Latent heat of vaporisation is for changing….? | liquid to vapour (gas) |
Increasing temperature ______________ pressure in a gas if volume is constant | increases |
The force exerted by gas on a surface as the particles collide with it is known as….? | gas pressure |
State the units of density | kg/m3 |
State the units of volume | m3 |
Sketch the heating curve for water | teacher to draw on board… |
Draw a particle diagram for a solid | teacher to draw on board… |
Draw a particle diagram for a liquid | teacher to draw on board… |
Draw a particle diagram for a gas | teacher to draw on board… |
Why doesn't temperature increase during melting? | Energy is being used to weaken forces between particles |
Why doesn't temperature increase during evaporation | Energy is being used to weaken forces between particles |
Why does temperature of a substance increase as it is heated? | Particles gain more kinetic energy and temperature is a measure of kinetic energy |
Particles are arranged regularly in a ….? | solid |
Particles are arranged randomly, but touching in a …? | liquid |
Particles move around randomly in a ….? | gas |