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Sara Parker
Anatomy Ch1-7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 twitch contraction phases | -latent period -contraction period -relaxation period |
| threshold stimulus | minimal level of stimulation |
| 4 kinds of proteins in myofilaments are | myosin, actin, tropomyosin, troponin |
| muscle tone maintained by | negative feed back |
| gliding movements in | carpel and tarsal bones |
| Joint characteristics | joint capsule, synovial membrane, articular cartilage, joint cavity, menisci (articular disk) ligaments, burse |
| 3 main parts of neurons | -dendrites- branches of neurons- receive signals -soma- main organelles- nucleus -axion- wrapped in fatty myelin, (nerve fiber), carries nerve impulses away from the cell body |
| Action Potential | (nerve impulse)- chemical signal triggering an electrical signal w/charged ions, sends signal down axon to release neurotransmitter and relay signal. |
| Osteoclasts | breakdown bone, release Ca in the blood, up |
| Osteoblasts | build bone, remove Ca in the blood, down |
| Flat bones | skull, ribs, sternum- protect organs, hematopoiesis, - inner spongy-- outer compact |
| Long Bones | Humorous, Femur-- have epiphysis (ends) and diaphysis (middle) framework, hematopoiesis-- ( in middle is the metaphysis---(growth plate). |
| Hematopoesis | primary cite is in the red bone marrow---- in the flat bones and epiphysis |
| Yellow marrow | Made of fat cells in the diaphysis on long bones |
| Bone Matrix | Divided into 2 groups--- inorganic salts----- organic matrix -salts- hydroxyapatite crystals- calcification - mostly 85% hydroxyapatite crystals- 10% calcium carb. 5% other minerals |
| Endosteum | thin, fibrous membrane that lines medullary cavity of long bones |
| Periosteum | Dense, white fibrous membrane that covers bones- except for joint surfaces, where articular cartilage forms on coverings * contains bone forming & destroying cells *essential for bone cell survival and formation |
| 3 categories of Layers of skin | -Epidermis- first 5 layers - Dermis- next 2 layers - Subcutaneous (hypodermis) |
| 5 layers of the Epidermis ( Bottom 3) (5 stratums--- bottom 3 alive | -Stratum Basale- generate keratinocytes ( has Melanocytes) -Stratum Spinosum- cells can loose H20 shrivel and look spiny -Stratum granulosum- keratohyalin granules- release lamellar bodies- form lipid layer - impermeable. |
| Top 2 layers of Epidermis (top 2 dead) | -Stratum Lucidum- clear layer- dead cells no melanocytes- no nuclei -Stratum Corneum- Dead cells- 15-20 layers- conts to sluff off |
Created by:
slparker
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