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Human Physiology

Week 1-6 study stack

QuestionAnswer
Which of the following may put one at risk for developing a given disease? Environment ,Stress, Lifestyle
The term that literally means self-immunity is: autoimmunity
Intrinsic control: is sometimes called autoregulation.
Epidemiology is the study of the _____ of diseases in human populations. All of the above are correct.
Negative-feedback control systems: oppose a change.
Of the pathogenic organisms, which of the following are the most complex? Tapeworms
The normal reading or range of normal is called the: set point.
Pathogenesis can be defined as: the course of disease development.
Homeostasis can best be described as: a state of relative constancy.
Which of the following is a basic component of every feedback control loop? sensor mechanism, integrating center, effector, feedback
Which of the following is not true of both triglycerides and phospholipids? They both contain a hydrophobic and hydrophilic end.
Amino acids frequently become joined by: peptide bonds.
When two molecules of glucose are joined, they form which disaccharide? Maltose
Peptide bonds join together molecules of: amino acids.
A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a: phospholipid. steroid.
The types of lipids found that form hormones, such as cortisone, estrogen, and testosterone are: steroids.
If one side of a DNA molecule is CTAGGCTG, the other side would be: GATCCGAC.
Which lipid is part of vitamin D? Steroids
The element that is present in all proteins but not in carbohydrates is: nitrogen
Unsaturated fats: will kink or bend because of the double bonds between the carbon atoms.
Which level of protein structure refers to the number, kind, and sequence of amino acids? Primary
The basic building blocks of fats are: fatty acids and glycerol.
The alpha helix is an example of which level of protein structure? Secondary
What is the most important factor in determining the physical and chemical properties of fatty acids? Degree of saturation
A _____ is a functional group that is temporarily unattached and is highly reactive because of unpaired electrons. free radical
A saline solution that contains a higher concentration of salt than a red blood cell would be: hypertonic.
When the chromosomes align themselves across the equator of the spindle fibers, it is characteristic of which phase of mitosis? Metaphase
Which is true about the sodium and potassium pump? Three sodium ions are taken out of the cell.
Which is not true about the sodium and potassium pump? Sodium moves into the cell and potassium moves out of the cell.
If a sequence of nitrogen bases in nucleic acid were A-U-C-G-A, which of the following would be true about the nucleic acid? It contains ribose sugar.
Extensive weight training causes the muscle cells to: hypertrophy.
The pairing of bases of a strand of DNA is obligatory. If a strand of DNA were composed of the base sequence of ATCG, what would be the obligatory sequence of its opposing base pairs? TAGC
Phagocytosis is an example of: endocytosis.
Water will move through the cell membrane by: osmosis.
All of the following occur as a result of meiosis except: chromosome number remains at 46.
An individual’s entire set of DNA can be referred to as a: genome.
NaCl would move through the cell membrane in which direction? Both into and out of the cell
Diffusion requires: a concentration gradient.
A membrane carrier structure attracts a solute to a binding site, changes shape, and releases the solute on the other side of the cell membrane. This describes the process of: carrier-mediated transport.
The physical process by which water and solute move through a membrane when a hydrostatic pressure gradient exists across the membrane is the process of: filtration
Which of the following is not true of RNA? It contains deoxyribose sugar.
Which of the following is true of RNA? It is a single strand. It contains uracil rather than thymine. The obligatory base pairs are adenine and uracil, and guanine and cytosine.
The hypodermis: connects the dermis to underlying tissues.
Which of the following vitamins is(are) absorbed through the skin? Vitamin A, D,K
Which cells electrically insulate axons to increase the speed of conduction? Oligodendrocytes
Which cells form the blood-brain barrier that protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood? Astrocytes
Which of the following epithelial functions is a primary activity of glandular epithelium? Secretion
Which tissue is most likely to form a keloid scar as it heals? Connective
Areolar tissue usually contains which types of cells in the greatest number? Fibroblasts
Which is not a function of epithelial tissue? Assimilation
Which of the following is not a function of adipose tissue? Defends the body from microbes and injurious substances
In what area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum corneum? Sole of the foot
Which of the following is not a function of the skin? Synthesis of vitamin E
Which type of tissue has the greatest capacity to regenerate? Epithelial
Connective tissue forms from stem cell tissue called: mesenchyme
The human hand has greater dexterity than the forepaw of any animal because of the freely movable joint of the: thumb.
Which of the following is dependent on the proper amount of calcium ions in the blood? Blood clotting Transmission of nerve impulses Contraction of cardiac muscle
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the epiphyses? Cylindrical in shape
Normally, bone loss will begin to exceed bone gain between the ages of _____ years. 35 and 40
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the diaphysis? Provides a bulbous shape for attachment of muscle
Which structures are unique to the fetal skull and provide additional space for molding the head shape as the baby passes through the birth canal? fontanels
During childbirth, a baby passes through an imaginary plane called the: pelvic outlet.
Before childbirth, the symphysis pubis softens. True
If the cribriform plate is damaged, there is a chance of: infectious materials passing from the ear to the brain.
Calcification of the organic bone matrix occurs when complex calcium salts are deposited in the matrix.
The following are functions of bone support. protection. mineral storage. hematopoiesis.
The humerus articulates proximally with the scapula
Which type of muscle does not have T-tubules? Smooth
Thick myofilaments extend the length of the: A-band.
The largest and most frequently injured joint is the: knee
Stretching the foot down and back and pointing the toe is called: plantar flexion.
Which joint allows for the widest range of movement? Ball and socket
Muscle contractions will continue as long as: there is ADP in the muscle cell.
Which of the following statements is incorrect about motor units? The more muscle fibers stimulated by a motor neuron, the more precise the movements of that muscle can be.
The purpose of creatine phosphate in muscle contraction is to: replenish energy supply.
All of the following are characteristics of smooth muscle except: thin and thick filaments are aligned in sarcomeres like skeletal muscles.
Endurance training is also known as: aerobic training.
Which type of muscle is responsible for peristalsis? Single-unit smooth
Which of the following is not one of the major functions of muscles? Protection
Which of the following is one of the major functions of muscles? Movement Heat production Posture
What are the most movable joints in the body? Synovial
Which of the following is an end-product of the breakdown of ATP? An inorganic phosphate, Energy that can be used in muscle contraction, ADP
The ability of muscle cells to respond to nerve stimuli is called: extensibility
Which joint allows for a unique movement called opposition? Saddle
Most body movements are _____ contractions. isotonic
The protein molecule that has heads jutting out for cross-bridging is: myosin.
Which of the following is an correct statement regarding heat production? The body temperature set point is established by the hypothalamus. Shivering will increase body temperature. Body temperature functions on a negative-feedback mechanism.
The knee joint is an example of a _____ joint. hinge
Created by: jfreeman10
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