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History 700 FINALS
Study set for history finals chapters 12-18
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Washington-on-the Brazos | the location of the government and where they held meetings to determine the leader of the army. |
| the plantation of Jared Groce | Where they trained and got supplies in April of 1836 |
| Brazos River | Where the Mexicans were stopped from crossing so turned south to the capital. |
| Gonzales | Burned on Sam Houston's order before the retreat |
| Cincinnati | Gave them the twin sisters |
| Date of the Battle of San Jacinto | April 21, 1836 |
| Why did Sam Houston order the Texan army to retreat in March of 1836? | They needed to train and get supplies |
| How did David Burnet feel about Houston’s army’s retreat? | He was confused and angry, so he wanted to stop retreating and fight. |
| What were the reasons for the Texan success at the Battle of San Jacinto? | They had trained at the plantation and they had supplies, Santa Anna didn’t have scouts or guards |
| How did Sam Houston’s army change in the weeks between leaving Gonzales and reaching San Jacinto? | They trained and got supplies and it became a home field advantage |
| What was Santa Anna’s attitude toward the Texans and about their location on the bayou? | He thought he could trap them in and thought since they haven't made an offensive attack the whole war they wouldn’t then. |
| Why was the bridge at Vince’s Bayou so important in the Battle of San Jacinto? (short answer) | When the Mexican army crossed that bridge it meant they would have to cross it again to get out. So knowing this Sam Houston told some people to go destroy the bridge trapping the Mexicans with the Texans in case they tried to retreat. |
| The chronological order of Presidents of Texas and their Vice-Presidents | Sam Houston and Mirabeau B Lamar, Mirabeau B Lamar with David G Burnet, Sam Houston with Edward Burleson, Anson Jones with Kenneth Anderson |
| Where is the permanent capital of Texas located and why? | Austin because Lamar moved it there. |
| Why did some oppose this location? | Because it was on the ‘Border’ of Texas so closer to the Native Americans and the Mexicans so it was dangerous. |
| Describe the differences between Houston and Lamar’s policies as President. | Houston wanted peace, with the Mexicans and the Native Americans and He also wanted to be a part of the states. Lamar wanted to force the Mexicans and Native Americans out of Texas. He also wanted Mexico to fear Texas for their power. |
| Why was it difficult for Sam Houston to reach his goal of peaceful relations with Mexico during his second term of office? | Because while Lamar was president he invaded Mexico and helped the rebels try to defeat Mexico. What was the cause of unrest in East Texas during Sam Houston’s second term of office? The capital had just been moved to the other side of Texas. |
| Why was it difficult for Sam Houston to reach his goal of peaceful relations with Mexico during his second term of office? | Because while Lamar was president he invaded Mexico and helped the rebels try to defeat Mexico. |
| What was the cause of unrest in East Texas during Sam Houston’s second term of office? | The capital had just been moved to the other side of Texas. |
| What events characterize the Revolution and Republic era in Texas history? | When the revolution was there the Native Americans joined so they showed they would be willing to fight against the Texans if the time came. They invaded Mexico 2 times and they seised |
| What major policy of Sam Houston did Mirabeau Lamar oppose? | The Peace Treaties |
| Describe the relationship with the Native Americans in the Republic of Texas | During Houston’s presidency they were allies because he wanted peace with them, because he ‘was one of them’. When Lamar was in office they wanted to side with Mexico because Lamar kept kicking them out of there land and taking more and more of it. |
| Summarize the lessons learned in Letters to Oma | It was hard because they would have trouble finding jobs and have to learn English. And oftentimes they would lose their belongings. |
| Abolition | The act of ending something |
| Secede | To formally withdraw from a federal union |
| Conscription | Forced into something most of the time an army |
| Plantation | A big area of farm land, used in this time with slaves |
| Emancipation Proclamation | The decoloration that all slaves were then free |
| Amendment | Amendment- |
| Industrial | Having many factories to make things |
| Agricultural | People or places that grow crops |
| Why did Texas want to secede in 1861? | Texas seceded in 1861 because they wanted to keep their slaves. |
| Which Confederate general officially surrendered the Confederate forces in Texas at the end of the Civil War? | Edward Kirby |
| Why did ⅔ of Civil War soldiers die from disease and infection? | Because supplies were low because trade was slow and shut down. |
| What was the chronological order of the 3 battles fought in Texas? | Battle of Galveston, Battle of the Sabine Pass, Battle of Palmito Ranch. |
| What role did Galveston play during the Civil War? | A major port, so when New Orleans was shut down the next big port was Galveston. |
| Why did the Union want to capture Brownsville? | So they could stop the Confederates from using it to port things from Mexico. |
| Where did the Civil War begin? | Fort Sumter, South Carolina |
| Where did the Civil War end, who surrendered? | Approximate Court House, General Robert E. Lee. |
| What did soldiers eat during the Civil War? | Hard Tack |
| . How many states were in the Confederacy? The Union? Border States? | 11 states were in the Confederacy, 20 states were in the Union, and 5 states were the Border States. |
| What years are considered the Reconstruction era? | 1865 - 1877 |
| What was the effect of General Gordan Granger’s announcement in Galveston that the enslaved Texans were free? | Juneteenth became a Holiday June 19th. |
| What was the purpose of the Freedman’s Bureau? | To provide newly freed African Americans with clothes, food, water, medicine and shelter. |
| The government leadership in Texas during Presidential reconstruction was appointed by Andrew Hamilton, which meant what? How did that effect Texas during Reconstruction? | This meant that Texas was being ruled by someone in the Republican Party, it affected Texas because then he agreed with what the Radical Republicans had to say. |
| What was required of Southern states in order to be admitted to the Union? | 10% of the voters had to take an oath of allegiance to the Union. |
| What were the laws called that were meant to limit the rights of freed people? | The Black Codes |
| How did Congress react to President Johnson’s veto of measures meant to protect freed people? | They had Radical Republicans 2/3rds control of both houses so they overruled his veto. |
| What was the effect on Texas of many freed people setting out on their own after the Civil War? | It was harder to trade cotton because the amount of cotton went down because there were less people to pick the cotton. |
| How were Tejanos in Texas effected by Reconstruction? | The Radical Republicans were in control of the land. |
| What is Juneteenth? | Juneteenth is the Holiday on June 19th, it is the day that all slaves were set free. |
| What is a pardon? | The action of forgiving someone for their errors. |
| Explain the difference between a carpetbagger and a scalawag. | A carpetbagger is someone from the North who came down to the South working for a Reconstruction government. A scalawag is a white Southerner who supported the Reconstruction. |
| What were the Reconstruction Amendments? What did they change? (name and summarize the 3 amendments) | Reconstruction Amendments were the 13th-15th Amendments that were made to give freed African Americans rights. The 13th Amendment ‘Abolished Slavery' The 14th Amendment ‘Equal Rights Protection’ The 15th Amendment ‘Male citizens of Any race could vote’ |
| Who were the buffalo soldiers and what role did they play? | They were the people who would go and hunt buffalo for sport and to starve the Native Americans. |
| Describe the changing relationship between the Native Americans of the Texas Plains and the U.S. government in the late 1860s and 1870s. | It was good at first then they decided that both sides were not following the treaties so it got bad |
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