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Neck Triangles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A child's right ear is turned towards her right shoulder and the face turned upward and to the left. What muscle was most likely damaged during birth? | Sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| Trauma in the region of the cervical spine can damage the ansa cervicalis. Which muscles can be partially or fully paralyzed as a result of this lesion? | Omohyoid and sternohyoid muscles |
| A central venous catheter (CVC) is about to be placed in the internal jugular vein (vena jugularis interna) of a 36-year-old man. Which muscle keeps the lumen of this vein open? | Omohyoid muscle |
| Which infrahyoid muscle does not directly attach to the hyoid bone? | Sternohyoid muscle |
| Which three muscles can be found in the omotracheal triangle? | Thyrohyoid, sternothyrohyoid, and sternohyoid muscles |
| Which artery runs through the posterior scalene gap? | Subclavian artery |
| Which muscles are surrounded by the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia? | Sternocleidomastoid muscle and trapezius muscle |
| Along which muscle can an inflammation of the mastoid process most likely spread to the neck? | Sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| Which arteries can be found within the carotid triangle? | Common carotid, external carotid, internal carotid, and superior thyroid arteries |
| What structure is contained in the suboccipital triangle? | Vertebral artery |
| Which nerves can be found within the submandibular triangle? | Mylohyoid and hypoglossal nerves |
| Which blood vessels can be found in the omotracheal triangle? | Anterior jugular vein, inferior thyroid artery, superior thyroid artery |
| Which muscle subdivides the posterior triangle of the neck into a small omoclavicular and a large omotrapezoid triangle? | Omohyoid muscle |
| A large vessel passing between the anterior and middle scalene muscles is being occluded compromised by hypertrophy (enlargement) of these muscles. Which artery is most likely affected? | Subclavian artery |
| Pus from an abscess posterior to the prevertebral layer of the deep cervical fascia (lamina prevertebralis fasciae cervicalis) may extend laterally in the neck. Posterior to which structure does it form a visible swelling? | Sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| Which muscles border the omotracheal triangle? | Omohyoid muscle and sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| Which nervous structures can be found within the posterior cervical triangle? | Accessory nerve, brachial plexus, and cervical plexus |
| Which structures border the submandibular triangle? | Mandible, mylohyoid muscle, and digastric muscle |
| Which nerves can be found within the carotid triangle? | CN X, CN XI, and CN XII |
| Which muscles belong to the group of infrahyoid muscles? | Sternothyroid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid, and sternohyoid muscles |
| Which structure forms the superior border of the muscular omotracheal triangle? | Body of hyoid bone |
| Which muscles form the borders of the carotid triangle? | Sternocleidomastoid, omohyoid, and digastric muscles |
| A young man receives a shallow knife wound just behind the sternocleidomastoid muscle and above the clavicle. What nerves are most likely injured? | Supraclavicular nerves |
| Which muscles border the omotrapezoid triangle? | Trapezius, omohyoid, and sternocleidomastoid muscles |
| Which muscle closes the carotid triangle of the neck superiorly? | Posterior belly of digastric muscle |
| Which muscles form the suboccipital triangle? | Obliquus capitis superior and inferior muscles, and rectus capitis posterior major muscle |
| Which infrahyoid muscle has an intermediate tendon which is connected to the carotid sheath? | Omohyoid muscle |
| Which structures are located in the omoclavicular triangle? | External jugular vein, subclavian artery, and brachial plexus |
| Which muscles are covered by the prevertebral layer of the deep cervical fascia? | Scalenus anterior, medius, and posterior muscles |
| Which structures form the borders of the submental triangle? | Body of mandible, body of hyoid bone, digastric muscle, and mylohyoid muscle |
| Which blood vessels can be found within the posterior cervical triangle? | Subclavian artery and external jugular vein |
| Which structure divides the neck into anterior and posterior cervical triangles? | Sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| Which organs are found within the omotracheal triangle? | Esophagus, larynx, trachea, and thyroid gland |
| Which infrahyoid muscle is divided into a superior and inferior belly? | Omohyoid muscle |
| Which structures can be reached during surgical dissection of the carotid triangle and thus can be easily injured while removing the tumor? | Common carotid artery, hypoglossal nerve, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve |
| Which structures form the borders of the omoclavicular triangle? | Clavicle, omohyoid muscle, and sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| Which vessel runs deep within the omoclavicular triangle? | Subclavian artery |
| Which arteries can be found within the submandibular triangle? | Facial artery and lingual artery |
| Which two vessels within the omoclavicular triangle are separated by the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia? | External jugular vein and subclavian artery |
| Which other structures pass through the carotid sheath along with the internal carotid artery? | Internal jugular vein and vagus nerve |
| Which structures does the pretracheal layer of the deep cervical fascia contain? | Esophagus, omohyoid muscle, trachea, and thyroid gland |
| A patient notices that her shoulder drooped and she could no longer raise her right hand above her head to brush her hair. Which nerve has been most likely damaged? | Accessory nerve |
| Which important nerves cross the omotrapezoid triangle? | Accessory nerve and lesser occipital nerve |
| Beneath which muscle does the carotid sheath lie at the level of the oropharynx? | Sternocleidomastoid muscle |
Created by:
jofreayala
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